{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2165216445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324908004920","title":"Follow-up question handling in the IMIX and Ritel systems: A comparative study","display_name":"Follow-up question handling in the IMIX and Ritel systems: A comparative study","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2165216445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324908004920","mag":"2165216445"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1351324908004920","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324908004920","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18088403","display_name":"Natural Language Engineering","issn_l":"1351-3249","issn":["1351-3249","1469-8110"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Language Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/6425903/jnle-schooten-20070920.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112249105","display_name":"B.W. van Schooten","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142372","display_name":"Human Media","ror":"https://ror.org/04072nk43","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. W. VAN SCHOOTEN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Human Media Interaction, University of Twente, Netherlands e-mail:"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Media Interaction, University of Twente, Netherlands e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004785151","display_name":"Rieks op den Akker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142372","display_name":"Human Media","ror":"https://ror.org/04072nk43","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. OP DEN AKKER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Human Media Interaction, University of Twente, Netherlands e-mail:","Human Media Interaction, University of Twente, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Media Interaction, University of Twente, Netherlands e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Media Interaction, University of Twente, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001616788","display_name":"Sophie Rosset","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6865-4989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115485","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur","ror":"https://ror.org/01raq4x89","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102197404","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210115485","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["FR","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. ROSSET","raw_affiliation_strings":["Spoken Language Processing Group (TLP), CNRS-LIMSI, France e-mail:","Human Media Interaction, University of Twente, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Spoken Language Processing Group (TLP), CNRS-LIMSI, France e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210115485"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Media Interaction, University of Twente, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088375891","display_name":"Olivier Galibert","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115485","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur","ror":"https://ror.org/01raq4x89","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102197404","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210115485","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O. GALIBERT","raw_affiliation_strings":["Spoken Language Processing Group (TLP), CNRS-LIMSI, France e-mail:","Spoken Language Processing Group (TLP), CNRS-LIMSI, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Spoken Language Processing Group (TLP), CNRS-LIMSI, France e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210115485"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Spoken Language Processing Group (TLP), CNRS-LIMSI, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210115485"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075564034","display_name":"Aur\u00e9lien Max","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115485","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur","ror":"https://ror.org/01raq4x89","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102197404","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210115485","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. MAX","raw_affiliation_strings":["Spoken Language Processing Group (TLP), CNRS-LIMSI, France e-mail:"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Spoken Language Processing Group (TLP), CNRS-LIMSI, France e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210115485"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063804381","display_name":"Gabriel Illouz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115485","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur","ror":"https://ror.org/01raq4x89","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102197404","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210115485","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. ILLOUZ","raw_affiliation_strings":["Spoken Language Processing Group (TLP), CNRS-LIMSI, France e-mail:","Spoken Language Processing Group (TLP), CNRS-LIMSI, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Spoken Language Processing Group (TLP), CNRS-LIMSI, France e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210115485"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Spoken Language Processing Group (TLP), CNRS-LIMSI, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210115485"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7413,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94706044,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"97","last_page":"118"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.9158483743667603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.6952091455459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.627142071723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.613749623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5736895799636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5462902784347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.49134698510169983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.45640575885772705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07681399583816528}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9158483743667603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.6952091455459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.627142071723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.613749623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5736895799636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5462902784347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.49134698510169983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45640575885772705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07681399583816528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1351324908004920","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324908004920","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18088403","display_name":"Natural Language Engineering","issn_l":"1351-3249","issn":["1351-3249","1469-8110"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Language Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:publications/ab6adfa4-274b-4d79-b911-51d76b19c799","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/ab6adfa4-274b-4d79-b911-51d76b19c799","pdf_url":"https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/6425903/jnle-schooten-20070920.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"van Schooten, B W, Webb, N (ed.), Webber, B (ed.), op den Akker, H J A, Rosset, S, Galibert, O, Max, A & Illouz, G 2009, 'Follow-up question handling in the IMIX and Ritel systems: A comparative study', Natural Language Engineering, vol. 15, no. 1, 10.1017/S1351324908004920, pp. 97-118. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1351324908004920","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.960.642","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.960.642","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://eprints.eemcs.utwente.nl/15183/01/jnle-schooten-20070920.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:publications/ab6adfa4-274b-4d79-b911-51d76b19c799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:publications/ab6adfa4-274b-4d79-b911-51d76b19c799","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/ab6adfa4-274b-4d79-b911-51d76b19c799","pdf_url":"https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/6425903/jnle-schooten-20070920.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"van Schooten, B W, Webb, N (ed.), Webber, B (ed.), op den Akker, H J A, Rosset, S, Galibert, O, Max, A & Illouz, G 2009, 'Follow-up question handling in the IMIX and Ritel systems: A comparative study', Natural Language Engineering, vol. 15, no. 1, 10.1017/S1351324908004920, pp. 97-118. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1351324908004920","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/04jsz6e67"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2165216445.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2165216445.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22034084","https://openalex.org/W44515078","https://openalex.org/W76068771","https://openalex.org/W129345544","https://openalex.org/W173279196","https://openalex.org/W219090214","https://openalex.org/W1267754874","https://openalex.org/W1552860662","https://openalex.org/W1780765560","https://openalex.org/W1932605181","https://openalex.org/W1989839834","https://openalex.org/W2002138928","https://openalex.org/W2016063944","https://openalex.org/W2025225903","https://openalex.org/W2028919349","https://openalex.org/W2037680305","https://openalex.org/W2038093061","https://openalex.org/W2097987455","https://openalex.org/W2110764733","https://openalex.org/W2127071136","https://openalex.org/W2138638502","https://openalex.org/W2143697166","https://openalex.org/W2148467943","https://openalex.org/W2155392663","https://openalex.org/W2157701451","https://openalex.org/W2216899703","https://openalex.org/W2395249674","https://openalex.org/W2743141076","https://openalex.org/W2752491485","https://openalex.org/W2759638982","https://openalex.org/W2914955323","https://openalex.org/W4238230289","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6679025396"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W128392744","https://openalex.org/W3107474891","https://openalex.org/W207304934","https://openalex.org/W2747680751","https://openalex.org/W2233955765","https://openalex.org/W1509467138","https://openalex.org/W2128719260","https://openalex.org/W2366644548","https://openalex.org/W1602736231","https://openalex.org/W1518289136"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"One":[1],"of":[2,6,39,154,190],"the":[3,32,93,102,113,123,172,193,200],"basic":[4,211],"topics":[5],"question":[7,43],"answering":[8],"(QA)":[9],"dialogue":[10],"systems":[11,56,103,121,138,146],"is":[12,65,72,89,197,202],"how":[13,101,107],"follow-up":[14,42,160,191],"questions":[15,161],"should":[16],"be":[17,140],"interpreted":[18],"by":[19],"a":[20,41,148,152,187],"QA":[21],"system.":[22],"In":[23],"this":[24],"paper,":[25],"we":[26,78],"shall":[27,98,116],"discuss":[28],"our":[29,182],"experience":[30],"with":[31,112,120,151],"IMIX":[33,64],"and":[34,49,86,95,106,127,133,162,179,208],"Ritel":[35,71],"systems,":[36],"for":[37,165,176,213],"both":[38],"which":[40,196],"handling":[44,214],"scheme":[45],"has":[46],"been":[47,52],"developed,":[48],"corpora":[50],"have":[51,147],"collected.":[53],"These":[54],"two":[55],"are":[57,83,104],"each":[58],"other's":[59],"opposites":[60],"in":[61,134,157],"many":[62],"respects:":[63],"multimodal,":[66],"non-factoid,":[67],"black-box":[68],"QA,":[69],"while":[70],"speech,":[73],"factoid,":[74],"keyword-based":[75],"QA.":[76],"Nevertheless,":[77],"will":[79],"show":[80],"that":[81,87,144],"they":[82],"quite":[84],"comparable,":[85],"it":[88],"fruitful":[90],"to":[91,204],"examine":[92],"similarities":[94],"differences.":[96],"We":[97,115,142,167,184],"look":[99],"at":[100],"composed,":[105],"real,":[108],"non-expert,":[109],"users":[110],"interact":[111],"systems.":[114],"also":[117,185],"provide":[118],"comparisons":[119],"from":[122,181],"literature":[124],"where":[125,129],"possible,":[126],"indicate":[128],"open":[130],"issues":[131],"lie":[132],"what":[135],"areas":[136],"existing":[137],"may":[139],"improved.":[141],"conclude":[143],"most":[145],"common":[149,155],"architecture":[150],"set":[153],"subtasks,":[156],"particular":[158],"detecting":[159],"finding":[163],"referents":[164],"them.":[166],"characterise":[168],"these":[169],"tasks":[170],"using":[171],"typical":[173],"techniques":[174],"used":[175],"performing":[177],"them,":[178],"data":[180],"corpora.":[183],"identify":[186],"special":[188],"type":[189],"question,":[192,195],"discourse":[194],"asked":[198],"when":[199],"user":[201],"trying":[203],"understand":[205],"an":[206],"answer,":[207],"propose":[209],"some":[210],"methods":[212],"it.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
