{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1969886938","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324904003353","title":"Improving part-of-speech tagging using lexicalized HMMs","display_name":"Improving part-of-speech tagging using lexicalized HMMs","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1969886938","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324904003353","mag":"1969886938"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1351324904003353","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324904003353","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18088403","display_name":"Natural Language Engineering","issn_l":"1351-3249","issn":["1351-3249","1469-8110"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Language Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013989240","display_name":"Ferran Pl\u00e0","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4822-8808"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"FERRAN PLA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departament de Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics i Computaci\u00f3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Cam\u00ed de Vera, s/n. 46020 Val\u00e8ncia SPAIN e-mail: fpla@dsci.upv.es#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departament de Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics i Computaci\u00f3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Cam\u00ed de Vera, s/n. 46020 Val\u00e8ncia SPAIN e-mail: fpla@dsci.upv.es#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027266976","display_name":"Antonio Molina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5603-8492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ANTONIO MOLINA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departament de Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics i Computaci\u00f3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Cam\u00ed de Vera, s/n. 46020 Val\u00e8ncia SPAIN e-mail:","Departament de Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics i Computaci\u00f3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Cam\u00ed de Vera, s/n. 46020 Val\u00e8ncia SPAIN e-mail: fpla@dsci.upv.es#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departament de Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics i Computaci\u00f3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Cam\u00ed de Vera, s/n. 46020 Val\u00e8ncia SPAIN e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departament de Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics i Computaci\u00f3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Cam\u00ed de Vera, s/n. 46020 Val\u00e8ncia SPAIN e-mail: fpla@dsci.upv.es#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9495,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96362701,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"2","first_page":"167","last_page":"189"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.9250323176383972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.6537259817123413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5911349058151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5248644351959229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.4407292306423187}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9250323176383972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6537259817123413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5911349058151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5248644351959229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.4407292306423187}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1351324904003353","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324904003353","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18088403","display_name":"Natural Language Engineering","issn_l":"1351-3249","issn":["1351-3249","1469-8110"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Language Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1530957496","https://openalex.org/W1540959437","https://openalex.org/W1560729174","https://openalex.org/W1599289601","https://openalex.org/W1632114991","https://openalex.org/W1676575252","https://openalex.org/W1718065290","https://openalex.org/W1773803948","https://openalex.org/W1968953480","https://openalex.org/W1991133427","https://openalex.org/W1996903695","https://openalex.org/W2001108429","https://openalex.org/W2046224275","https://openalex.org/W2061271742","https://openalex.org/W2081687495","https://openalex.org/W2099008367","https://openalex.org/W2102924265","https://openalex.org/W2112861996","https://openalex.org/W2117400858","https://openalex.org/W2130636661","https://openalex.org/W2130851608","https://openalex.org/W2135843243","https://openalex.org/W2154210598","https://openalex.org/W2166987509","https://openalex.org/W2249186037","https://openalex.org/W2951200021"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2136763963","https://openalex.org/W2109705048","https://openalex.org/W2940588515","https://openalex.org/W1909151225","https://openalex.org/W2160030256","https://openalex.org/W1521297879","https://openalex.org/W4253235840","https://openalex.org/W3151937861","https://openalex.org/W3204019825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,76],"introduce":[1],"a":[2,29,57],"simple":[3],"method":[4],"to":[5,117,129],"build":[6],"Lexicalized":[7,107,127],"Hidden":[8],"Markov":[9],"Models":[10],"(L-HMMs)":[11],"for":[12],"improving":[13],"the":[14,22,45,50,61,71,74,81,93,130],"precision":[15],"of":[16,31,60,73,83],"part-of-speech":[17,120],"tagging.":[18],"This":[19,53],"technique":[20],"enriches":[21],"contextual":[23],"Language":[24],"Model":[25],"taking":[26],"into":[27],"account":[28],"set":[30],"selected":[32],"words":[33],"empirically":[34],"obtained.":[35],"The":[36],"evaluation":[37],"was":[38],"conducted":[39,99],"with":[40],"different":[41],"lexicalization":[42,54],"criteria":[43],"on":[44,64],"Penn":[46],"Treebank":[47],"corpus":[48,132],"using":[49],"TnT":[51],"tagger.":[52],"obtained":[55],"about":[56],"6%":[58],"reduction":[59],"tagging":[62,94,121],"error,":[63],"an":[65,100],"unseen":[66],"data":[67],"test,":[68],"without":[69],"reducing":[70],"efficiency":[72],"system.":[75],"have":[77,98,125],"also":[78],"studied":[79],"how":[80],"use":[82],"linguistic":[84],"resources,":[85],"such":[86],"as":[87],"dictionaries":[88],"and":[89],"morphological":[90],"analyzers,":[91],"improves":[92],"performance.":[95],"Furthermore,":[96],"we":[97,124],"exhaustive":[101],"experimental":[102],"comparison":[103],"that":[104,106],"shows":[105],"HMMs":[108,128],"yield":[109],"results":[110],"which":[111],"are":[112],"better":[113],"than":[114],"or":[115],"similar":[116],"other":[118],"state-of-the-art":[119],"approaches.":[122],"Finally,":[123],"applied":[126],"Spanish":[131],"LexEsp":[133],".":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}