{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043723230","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324900212266","title":"Roger Garside, Geoffrey Leech, Anthony McEnery (eds). <i>Corpus Annotation: Linguistic Information from Computer Text Corpora</i>. Longman. 1997. ISBN 0-582-29837-7 (Paperback). \u00a326.00. 281 pages","display_name":"Roger Garside, Geoffrey Leech, Anthony McEnery (eds). <i>Corpus Annotation: Linguistic Information from Computer Text Corpora</i>. Longman. 1997. ISBN 0-582-29837-7 (Paperback). \u00a326.00. 281 pages","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043723230","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324900212266","mag":"2043723230"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1351324900212266","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324900212266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18088403","display_name":"Natural Language Engineering","issn_l":"1351-3249","issn":["1351-3249","1469-8110"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Language Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042548417","display_name":"Oliver Mason","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4529-8029"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133184724","display_name":"University College Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/042ver755","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133184724"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"OLIVER MASON","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birmingham University, e-mail:","Birmingham University, e-mail: O.Mason@bham.ac.uk"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birmingham University, e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799","https://openalex.org/I3133184724"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birmingham University, e-mail: O.Mason@bham.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042548417"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133184724","https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13208957,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"3","first_page":"301","last_page":"307"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9344000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9344000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.7456929087638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6794867515563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leech","display_name":"Leech","score":0.5547258257865906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48312780261039734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4217257797718048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.12014690041542053}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.7456929087638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6794867515563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180746962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243147","display_name":"Leech","level":2,"score":0.5547258257865906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48312780261039734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4217257797718048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.12014690041542053}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1351324900212266","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324900212266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18088403","display_name":"Natural Language Engineering","issn_l":"1351-3249","issn":["1351-3249","1469-8110"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Language Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2143240605","https://openalex.org/W2380131535","https://openalex.org/W4381683346","https://openalex.org/W2409527406","https://openalex.org/W2891310375","https://openalex.org/W2365675088","https://openalex.org/W4244042266","https://openalex.org/W1964111392","https://openalex.org/W3192589309"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Roger":[0],"Garside,":[1],"Geoffrey":[2],"Leech,":[3],"Anthony":[4],"McEnery":[5],"(eds).":[6],"Corpus":[7],"Annotation:":[8],"Linguistic":[9],"Information":[10],"from":[11],"Computer":[12],"Text":[13],"Corpora.":[14],"Longman.":[15],"1997.":[16],"ISBN":[17],"0-582-29837-7":[18],"(Paperback).":[19],"\u00a326.00.":[20],"281":[21],"pages":[22],"-":[23],"Volume":[24],"5":[25],"Issue":[26],"3":[27]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}