{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2985107302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0963548321000183","title":"The power of two choices for random walks","display_name":"The power of two choices for random walks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2985107302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0963548321000183","mag":"2985107302"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0963548321000183","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0963548321000183","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/6792931BB35F640A3DF2844D33BC8AF2/S0963548321000183a.pdf/div-class-title-the-power-of-two-choices-for-random-walks-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7291079","display_name":"Combinatorics Probability Computing","issn_l":"0963-5483","issn":["0963-5483","1469-2163"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Combinatorics, Probability and Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/6792931BB35F640A3DF2844D33BC8AF2/S0963548321000183a.pdf/div-class-title-the-power-of-two-choices-for-random-walks-div.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Agelos Georgakopoulos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agelos Georgakopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"John Haslegrave","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Haslegrave","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Thomas Sauerwald","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Sauerwald","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"John Sylvester","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Sylvester","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.29,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73645393,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"1","first_page":"73","last_page":"100"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11152","display_name":"Stochastic processes and statistical mechanics","score":0.4471000134944916,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2610","display_name":"Mathematical Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11152","display_name":"Stochastic processes and statistical mechanics","score":0.4471000134944916,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2610","display_name":"Mathematical Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12056","display_name":"Markov Chains and Monte Carlo Methods","score":0.08290000259876251,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12288","display_name":"Optimization and Search Problems","score":0.028699999675154686,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.6972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-walk","display_name":"Random walk","score":0.6693000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","score":0.5957000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degree","display_name":"Degree (music)","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4672999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hitting-time","display_name":"Hitting time","score":0.45350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-graph","display_name":"Random graph","score":0.4268999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.4016000032424927}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.7071999907493591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.6972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121194460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856741","display_name":"Random walk","level":2,"score":0.6693000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5957000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.54339998960495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775997480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586277","display_name":"Degree (music)","level":2,"score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4672999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.4632999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199277547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5872687","display_name":"Hitting time","level":2,"score":0.45350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47458327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910404","display_name":"Random graph","level":3,"score":0.4268999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.4016000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.3605000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9767117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12510","display_name":"Torus","level":2,"score":0.3203999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.3043000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8272713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176737","display_name":"Stochastic process","level":2,"score":0.302700012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146380142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137726","display_name":"Directed graph","level":2,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52386014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166211","display_name":"Random element","level":3,"score":0.2687999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13929819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176737","display_name":"Random function","level":3,"score":0.26669999957084656}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0963548321000183","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0963548321000183","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/6792931BB35F640A3DF2844D33BC8AF2/S0963548321000183a.pdf/div-class-title-the-power-of-two-choices-for-random-walks-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7291079","display_name":"Combinatorics Probability Computing","issn_l":"0963-5483","issn":["0963-5483","1469-2163"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Combinatorics, Probability and Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:wrap.warwick.ac.uk:152060","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/152060/7/WRAP-Power-two-choices-random-walks-2021.pdf","pdf_url":"https://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/152060/7/WRAP-Power-two-choices-random-walks-2021.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400665","display_name":"Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1911.05170","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1911.05170","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1911.05170","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:250806","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/250806/1/250806.pdf","pdf_url":"http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/250806/1/250806.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Articles"},{"id":"doi:10.4230/lipics.itcs.2020.76","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4230/lipics.itcs.2020.76","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196569","display_name":"DROPS (Schloss Dagstuhl \u2013 Leibniz Center for Informatics)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799853480","host_organization_name":"Schloss Dagstuhl \u2013 Leibniz Center for Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"ConferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0963548321000183","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0963548321000183","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/6792931BB35F640A3DF2844D33BC8AF2/S0963548321000183a.pdf/div-class-title-the-power-of-two-choices-for-random-walks-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7291079","display_name":"Combinatorics Probability Computing","issn_l":"0963-5483","issn":["0963-5483","1469-2163"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Combinatorics, Probability and Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5178912376","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MR/S016325/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","funder_display_name":"UK Research and Innovation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8608644771","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/T004878/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","display_name":"UK Research and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/001aqnf71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320337","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2985107302.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2985107302.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W121824094","https://openalex.org/W1542917517","https://openalex.org/W1600293573","https://openalex.org/W1616865495","https://openalex.org/W1937232319","https://openalex.org/W1975999171","https://openalex.org/W1979727552","https://openalex.org/W2002240881","https://openalex.org/W2008982530","https://openalex.org/W2019415463","https://openalex.org/W2030087828","https://openalex.org/W2033468284","https://openalex.org/W2048572907","https://openalex.org/W2056756564","https://openalex.org/W2059507660","https://openalex.org/W2091712762","https://openalex.org/W2093333368","https://openalex.org/W2097235811","https://openalex.org/W2117702591","https://openalex.org/W2236316965","https://openalex.org/W2522255844","https://openalex.org/W2610278296","https://openalex.org/W2611147814","https://openalex.org/W2912437396","https://openalex.org/W4249543140","https://openalex.org/W4293860921"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"We":[1,36,107],"apply":[2],"the":[3,41,46,61,67,97,110],"power-of-two-choices":[4],"paradigm":[5],"to":[6,16,28,43],"a":[7,11,17,24,102,120],"random":[8,19,34,99],"walk":[9],"on":[10,72,85,96],"graph:":[12],"rather":[13],"than":[14],"moving":[15],"uniform":[18,33],"neighbour":[20],"at":[21],"each":[22],"step,":[23],"controller":[25,42],"is":[26],"allowed":[27],"choose":[29],"from":[30],"two":[31],"independent":[32],"neighbours.":[35],"prove":[37,119],"that":[38,60],"this":[39],"allows":[40],"significantly":[44],"accelerate":[45],"hitting":[47,128],"and":[48,75,89,118,129],"cover":[49,62,130],"times":[50],"in":[51,66,101,122],"several":[52],"natural":[53],"graph":[54,100],"classes.":[55],"In":[56],"particular,":[57],"we":[58],"show":[59],"time":[63],"becomes":[64],"linear":[65],"number":[68],"n":[69],"of":[70,79,90,113],"vertices":[71],"discrete":[73],"tori":[74],"bounded":[76,86],"degree":[77,87],"trees,":[78],"order":[80,91],"$${\\mathcal":[81,92],"O}(n\\log":[82],"\\log":[83,94],"n)$$":[84],"expanders,":[88],"O}(n{(\\log":[93],"n)^2})$$":[95],"Erd\u0151s\u2013R\u00e9nyi":[98],"certain":[103],"sparsely":[104],"connected":[105],"regime.":[106],"also":[108],"consider":[109],"algorithmic":[111],"question":[112],"computing":[114,125],"an":[115],"optimal":[116],"strategy":[117],"dichotomy":[121],"efficiency":[123],"between":[124],"strategies":[126],"for":[127],"times.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-14T07:06:38.338062","created_date":"2019-11-22T00:00:00"}