{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983655984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0960129509990041","title":"Social processes, program verification and all that","display_name":"Social processes, program verification and all that","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983655984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0960129509990041","mag":"1983655984"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0960129509990041","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0960129509990041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101766102","display_name":"Mathematical Structures in Computer Science","issn_l":"0960-1295","issn":["0960-1295","1469-8072"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mathematical Structures in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032765727","display_name":"Andrea Asperti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9677-6350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ANDREA ASPERTI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Comp. Sci., Univ. of Bologna, Mura Anteo Zamboni 7, 40127 Bologna, Italy Email:","Dept. of comp. sci., univ. of bologna, mura anteo zamboni 7, 40127 bologna, italy email: asperti@cs.unibo.it#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comp. Sci., Univ. of Bologna, Mura Anteo Zamboni 7, 40127 Bologna, Italy Email:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of comp. sci., univ. of bologna, mura anteo zamboni 7, 40127 bologna, italy email: asperti@cs.unibo.it#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071639019","display_name":"Herman Geuvers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2522-2980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"HERMAN GEUVERS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Comp. Sci., Radboud Univ. Nijmegen and Tech. Univ. Eindhoven, The Netherlands Email:","Dept. of Comp. Sci., Radboud Univ. Nijmegen and Tech. Univ. Eindhoven, The Netherlands Email: herman@cs.ru.nl"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comp. Sci., Radboud Univ. Nijmegen and Tech. Univ. Eindhoven, The Netherlands Email:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comp. Sci., Radboud Univ. Nijmegen and Tech. Univ. Eindhoven, The Netherlands Email: herman@cs.ru.nl","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109417227","display_name":"Raja Natarajan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11947397","display_name":"Tata Institute of Fundamental Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ht1xw27","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11947397","https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I3149292468"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"RAJA NATARAJAN","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Tech. and Comp. Sci., Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400 005, India Email:","School of Tech. and Comp. Sci., Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400 005, India Email: raja@tifr.res.in"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Tech. and Comp. Sci., Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400 005, India Email:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11947397"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Tech. and Comp. Sci., Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400 005, India Email: raja@tifr.res.in","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11947397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6555,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92921313,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"5","first_page":"877","last_page":"896"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.8094553351402283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.684983491897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analogy","display_name":"Analogy","score":0.6830227375030518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5463334918022156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5125560760498047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.48387444019317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.36936262249946594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.36632072925567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17395782470703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.1640789806842804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.08013173937797546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.8094553351402283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.684983491897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521332185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185816","display_name":"Analogy","level":2,"score":0.6830227375030518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5463334918022156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5125560760498047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.48387444019317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.36936262249946594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.36632072925567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17395782470703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1640789806842804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.08013173937797546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0960129509990041","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0960129509990041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101766102","display_name":"Mathematical Structures in Computer Science","issn_l":"0960-1295","issn":["0960-1295","1469-8072"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mathematical Structures in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:openaire_cris_publications/db3560aa-fb15-4113-ab4b-287ff8c468e6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/db3560aa-fb15-4113-ab4b-287ff8c468e6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asperti, A, Geuvers, J H & Natarajan, R 2009, 'Social processes, program verification and all that', Mathematical Structures in Computer Science, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 877-896. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960129509990041","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:653717","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://library.tue.nl/csp/dare/LinkToRepository.csp?recordnumber=653717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:0960-1295","raw_type":"Article / Letter to the editor"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.150.4680","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.150.4680","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.unibo.it/~asperti/PAPERS/social.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/77500","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11585/77500","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.ubn.ru.nl:2066/75843","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2066/75843","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401067","display_name":"Radboud Repository (Radboud University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","host_organization_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Mathematical Structures in Computer Science, 19, 5, pp. 877-896","raw_type":"Article / Letter to editor"},{"id":"pmh:tue:oai:pure.tue.nl:publications/db3560aa-fb15-4113-ab4b-287ff8c468e6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/nl/publications/db3560aa-fb15-4113-ab4b-287ff8c468e6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Mathematical Structures in Computer Science, 19(5), 877 - 896. Cambridge University Press","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4861723","https://openalex.org/W27369194","https://openalex.org/W78147775","https://openalex.org/W121484200","https://openalex.org/W155183251","https://openalex.org/W159715351","https://openalex.org/W256386490","https://openalex.org/W1488538795","https://openalex.org/W1490317521","https://openalex.org/W1503170941","https://openalex.org/W1510883836","https://openalex.org/W1554328513","https://openalex.org/W1558115254","https://openalex.org/W1569393732","https://openalex.org/W1580616295","https://openalex.org/W1594381772","https://openalex.org/W1664240318","https://openalex.org/W1701372208","https://openalex.org/W1755481569","https://openalex.org/W1766647772","https://openalex.org/W1821564862","https://openalex.org/W1972533543","https://openalex.org/W1980026967","https://openalex.org/W1981809958","https://openalex.org/W1981899763","https://openalex.org/W1991680433","https://openalex.org/W1996857980","https://openalex.org/W2000062667","https://openalex.org/W2005973420","https://openalex.org/W2008920425","https://openalex.org/W2011043790","https://openalex.org/W2019404692","https://openalex.org/W2022983134","https://openalex.org/W2034711041","https://openalex.org/W2059895047","https://openalex.org/W2070478017","https://openalex.org/W2070614314","https://openalex.org/W2078944436","https://openalex.org/W2084547963","https://openalex.org/W2095136535","https://openalex.org/W2098909266","https://openalex.org/W2102320720","https://openalex.org/W2111706174","https://openalex.org/W2122761321","https://openalex.org/W2124687098","https://openalex.org/W2129695855","https://openalex.org/W2139783362","https://openalex.org/W2149590446","https://openalex.org/W2159130720","https://openalex.org/W2177357765","https://openalex.org/W2333018025","https://openalex.org/W2340844739","https://openalex.org/W2359180288","https://openalex.org/W2405679748","https://openalex.org/W2804822249","https://openalex.org/W2987907651","https://openalex.org/W2998385477","https://openalex.org/W3146075203","https://openalex.org/W4229683879","https://openalex.org/W4253676159","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300124090","https://openalex.org/W6601104444","https://openalex.org/W6604894765","https://openalex.org/W6609622981","https://openalex.org/W6637080835","https://openalex.org/W6706657919"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984669724","https://openalex.org/W4243252198","https://openalex.org/W146984377","https://openalex.org/W2135396778","https://openalex.org/W1590124522","https://openalex.org/W4237354450","https://openalex.org/W1527862632","https://openalex.org/W2118300983","https://openalex.org/W2112962394","https://openalex.org/W2013771964"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"a":[1,51,74],"controversial":[2],"paper":[3],"(De":[4],"Millo":[5],"et":[6],"al":[7],".":[8],"1979)":[9],"at":[10],"the":[11,14,48,63,83,117,129],"end":[12],"of":[13,31,50,65,77,86,121,132],"1970's,":[15],"R.":[16,20],"A.":[17,24],"De":[18],"Millo,":[19],"J.":[21,25],"Lipton":[22],"and":[23,88,93,115],"Perlis":[26],"argued":[27],"against":[28],"formal":[29,96],"verifications":[30],"programs,":[32],"mostly":[33],"motivating":[34],"their":[35,78],"position":[36],"by":[37],"an":[38,70],"analogy":[39],"with":[40,47],"proofs":[41],"in":[42,45,62],"mathematics,":[43],"and,":[44],"particular,":[46],"impracticality":[49],"strictly":[52],"formalist":[53],"approach":[54],"to":[55,101,109,113,127],"this":[56,122],"discipline.":[57],"The":[58],"recent,":[59],"impressive":[60],"achievements":[61],"field":[64],"interactive":[66],"theorem":[67],"proving":[68],"provide":[69],"interesting":[71],"ground":[72],"for":[73],"critical":[75],"revisiting":[76],"theses.":[79],"We":[80],"believe":[81],"that":[82],"social":[84],"nature":[85,120],"proof":[87],"program":[89],"development":[90],"is":[91,98],"uncontroversial":[92],"ineluctable,":[94],"but":[95,112],"verification":[97,104],"not":[99,107],"antithetical":[100],"it.":[102],"Formal":[103],"should":[105],"strive":[106],"only":[108],"cope":[110],"with,":[111],"ease":[114],"enhance":[116],"collaborative,":[118],"organic":[119],"process,":[123],"eventually":[124],"helping":[125],"us":[126],"master":[128],"growing":[130],"complexity":[131],"scientific":[133],"knowledge.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
