{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2072215268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s089006041400033x","title":"Evaluation and use of clustering algorithms for standard penetration test data classification","display_name":"Evaluation and use of clustering algorithms for standard penetration test data classification","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-07-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2072215268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s089006041400033x","mag":"2072215268"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s089006041400033x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s089006041400033x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193102","display_name":"Artificial intelligence for engineering design analysis and manufacturing","issn_l":"0890-0604","issn":["0890-0604","1469-1760"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020432517","display_name":"A. Burak G\u00f6ktepe","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Burak G\u00f6ktepe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kurum Holding, Rruga Bilal Golemi, Albania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kurum Holding, Rruga Bilal Golemi, Albania","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029213958","display_name":"Selim Altun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-9106"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41641357","display_name":"Ege University","ror":"https://ror.org/02eaafc18","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41641357"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Selim Altun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Engineering Department, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Engineering Department, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41641357"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027726183","display_name":"Alper Sezer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2663-2028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41641357","display_name":"Ege University","ror":"https://ror.org/02eaafc18","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41641357"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alper Sezer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Engineering Department, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Engineering Department, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41641357"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027726183"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41641357"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.69864012,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77578739,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"1","first_page":"55","last_page":"64"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11046","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11046","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-penetration-test","display_name":"Standard penetration test","score":0.6349593997001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5541471838951111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/penetration-test","display_name":"Penetration test","score":0.49780893325805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4806893765926361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.41708505153656006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","score":0.3919983506202698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3530730605125427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.339762806892395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3266811966896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.26187217235565186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206888209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1969027","display_name":"Standard penetration test","level":3,"score":0.6349593997001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5541471838951111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98214672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501923","display_name":"Penetration test","level":3,"score":0.49780893325805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4806893765926361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.41708505153656006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3919983506202698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3530730605125427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.339762806892395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3266811966896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.26187217235565186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191859794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180208","display_name":"Liquefaction","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182377489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337829","display_name":"Subgrade","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s089006041400033x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s089006041400033x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193102","display_name":"Artificial intelligence for engineering design analysis and manufacturing","issn_l":"0890-0604","issn":["0890-0604","1469-1760"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W60248362","https://openalex.org/W65738273","https://openalex.org/W90283142","https://openalex.org/W94549165","https://openalex.org/W1481120406","https://openalex.org/W1485268022","https://openalex.org/W1506306523","https://openalex.org/W1508673420","https://openalex.org/W1511733776","https://openalex.org/W1571299286","https://openalex.org/W1577484784","https://openalex.org/W1606617524","https://openalex.org/W1963798201","https://openalex.org/W1977548832","https://openalex.org/W1992300962","https://openalex.org/W1997621282","https://openalex.org/W2004496929","https://openalex.org/W2015559408","https://openalex.org/W2017529838","https://openalex.org/W2020766982","https://openalex.org/W2021951674","https://openalex.org/W2034154827","https://openalex.org/W2046079134","https://openalex.org/W2104109662","https://openalex.org/W2113076747","https://openalex.org/W2138454513","https://openalex.org/W2326096795","https://openalex.org/W2606463922","https://openalex.org/W2621908639","https://openalex.org/W3019775124","https://openalex.org/W3022351671","https://openalex.org/W3116381551","https://openalex.org/W4231125287","https://openalex.org/W4247930955","https://openalex.org/W6603639831","https://openalex.org/W6630198258"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2245480648","https://openalex.org/W2350233536","https://openalex.org/W2592428870","https://openalex.org/W2238561746","https://openalex.org/W2371594708","https://openalex.org/W4385459544","https://openalex.org/W2999367675","https://openalex.org/W1971499765","https://openalex.org/W2341303098","https://openalex.org/W2370397256"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,118],"standard":[2,82],"penetration":[3,83],"test":[4,10,50],"(SPT)":[5],"is":[6,17,29,178,191],"the":[7,13,40,43,49,63,68,80,88,103,108,122,129,143,163,169,194],"most":[8],"common":[9],"conducted":[11,185],"in":[12,21,67,87,140,175,186],"field,":[14],"and":[15,95,113,165],"it":[16,28,190],"used":[18,38,100],"to":[19,56,61,78,101,132],"determine":[20],"situ":[22],"properties":[23],"of":[24,32,42,45,65,111,136,168,196],"different":[25],"soils.":[26],"Although":[27],"a":[30,187],"matter":[31],"debate,":[33],"these":[34],"tests":[35,145,154,182],"are":[36,146],"also":[37,53],"for":[39,127],"determination":[41],"consistency":[44,164],"fine-grained":[46],"soils,":[47],"whereby":[48],"results":[51,119,195],"can":[52,158],"be":[54,151,200],"utilized":[55],"establish":[57],"numerous":[58],"empirical":[59],"correlations":[60],"predict":[62],"strength":[64,94,137],"soils":[66],"field.":[69,89],"In":[70,90],"this":[71,91,176,197],"study,":[72],"unsupervised":[73],"clustering":[74],"algorithms":[75],"were":[76,99,125,184],"employed":[77],"classify":[79,102],"SPT":[81,144],"resistance":[84],"value":[85,131,167],"(SPT-N)":[86],"scope,":[92],"shear":[93],"liquidity":[96],"index":[97],"parameters":[98,124],"SPT-N":[104,130,166],"values":[105],"by":[106],"taking":[107],"classification":[109],"system":[110],"Terzaghi":[112],"Peck":[114],"(1967)":[115],"into":[116],"consideration.":[117],"showed":[120],"that":[121,183,193],"input":[123],"successful":[126],"classifying":[128],"an":[133],"acceptable":[134],"degree":[135],"attribute.":[138],"Therefore,":[139],"cases":[141],"where":[142],"unreliable":[147],"or":[148],"could":[149],"not":[150],"performed,":[152],"laboratory":[153],"on":[155,180],"undisturbed":[156],"specimens":[157],"give":[159],"valuable":[160],"information":[161],"regarding":[162],"soil":[170],"specimen":[171],"under":[172],"investigation.":[173],"Data":[174],"study":[177,198],"based":[179],"several":[181],"region;":[188],"nevertheless,":[189],"advised":[192],"should":[199],"evaluated":[201],"using":[202],"global":[203],"data.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
