{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2091524827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890060403172046","title":"Using assembly representations to enable evolutionary design of Lego structures","display_name":"Using assembly representations to enable evolutionary design of Lego structures","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2091524827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890060403172046","mag":"2091524827"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0890060403172046","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890060403172046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193102","display_name":"Artificial intelligence for engineering design analysis and manufacturing","issn_l":"0890-0604","issn":["0890-0604","1469-1760"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108190181","display_name":"Maxim Peysakhov","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72816309","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MAXIM PEYSAKHOV","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012260180","display_name":"William C. Regli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3729-4490"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72816309","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"WILLIAM C. REGLI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4754,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91721398,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"2","first_page":"155","last_page":"168"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11349","display_name":"Music Technology and Sound Studies","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9805999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6406676769256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5291597843170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.50691157579422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.5044387578964233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-algorithm","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","score":0.48633629083633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.4719133675098419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.47068148851394653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.4517171382904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.43881550431251526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.313487708568573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.19335713982582092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17472577095031738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.10847488045692444}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6406676769256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5291597843170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.50691157579422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.5044387578964233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.48633629083633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4719133675098419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.47068148851394653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.4517171382904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.43881550431251526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.313487708568573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.19335713982582092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17472577095031738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.10847488045692444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0890060403172046","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890060403172046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193102","display_name":"Artificial intelligence for engineering design analysis and manufacturing","issn_l":"0890-0604","issn":["0890-0604","1469-1760"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.92.6502","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.92.6502","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://gicl.cs.drexel.edu/wiki-data/images/f/fd/AI-EDAM-2003.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310343","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20664472","https://openalex.org/W22347794","https://openalex.org/W32514084","https://openalex.org/W42800694","https://openalex.org/W76657729","https://openalex.org/W164525152","https://openalex.org/W1503478887","https://openalex.org/W1550950318","https://openalex.org/W1606791384","https://openalex.org/W1639032689","https://openalex.org/W1799625755","https://openalex.org/W1820913219","https://openalex.org/W1964581121","https://openalex.org/W1982482685","https://openalex.org/W2013039241","https://openalex.org/W2020858717","https://openalex.org/W2026969393","https://openalex.org/W2034587361","https://openalex.org/W2050086039","https://openalex.org/W2055589180","https://openalex.org/W2066670127","https://openalex.org/W2073449741","https://openalex.org/W2092292645","https://openalex.org/W2117085697","https://openalex.org/W2138087610","https://openalex.org/W2148546709","https://openalex.org/W2152419690","https://openalex.org/W2153097523","https://openalex.org/W2182836616","https://openalex.org/W2463089998","https://openalex.org/W2496074542","https://openalex.org/W2904250082","https://openalex.org/W2912706550","https://openalex.org/W3128732003","https://openalex.org/W6603080840","https://openalex.org/W6632921991","https://openalex.org/W6638014018"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2139271118","https://openalex.org/W2355977368","https://openalex.org/W2152483569","https://openalex.org/W2952964201","https://openalex.org/W2753787540","https://openalex.org/W2142423295","https://openalex.org/W1522202779","https://openalex.org/W1991488042","https://openalex.org/W4319162170","https://openalex.org/W3133995681"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,98],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3],"approach":[4],"to":[5,21,89,141,169],"the":[6,22,79,83,91,114,129,170],"automatic":[7],"generation":[8],"of":[9,24,27,45,82,116,131,145,172],"electromechanical":[10,146,177],"engineering":[11],"designs.":[12],"We":[13,152],"apply":[14,166],"messy":[15],"genetic":[16],"algorithm":[17],"(GA)":[18],"optimization":[19],"techniques":[20,168],"evolution":[23,171],"assemblies":[25,124],"composed":[26],"LegoTMstructures.":[28],"Each":[29],"design":[30,58,104],"is":[31,39,105,140],"represented":[32],"as":[33,126,128],"a":[34,43,94,102,117,143,158],"labeled":[35],"assembly":[36],"graph":[37,92],"and":[38,47,57,75,163,175],"evaluated":[40],"based":[41],"on":[42],"set":[44],"behavior":[46],"structural":[48],"equations.":[49],"The":[50,107],"initial":[51],"populations":[52],"are":[53,63,70,87],"generated":[54],"at":[55,78],"random,":[56],"candidates":[59],"for":[60,122,134,160],"subsequent":[61],"generations":[62],"produced":[64],"by":[65,72],"user-specified":[66],"selection":[67,132],"techniques.":[68],"Crossovers":[69],"applied":[71,88],"using":[73],"cut":[74],"splice":[76],"operators":[77],"random":[80,85],"points":[81],"chromosomes;":[84],"mutations":[86],"modify":[90],"with":[93],"certain":[95],"low":[96],"probability.":[97],"cycle":[99],"continues":[100],"until":[101],"suitable":[103],"found.":[106],"research":[108,156],"contributions":[109],"in":[110],"this":[111,135,155],"work":[112,162],"include":[113],"development":[115],"new":[118],"GA":[119,167],"encoding":[120],"scheme":[121],"mechanical":[123],"(Legos),":[125],"well":[127],"creation":[130],"criteria":[133],"domain.":[136],"Our":[137],"eventual":[138],"goal":[139],"introduce":[142],"simulation":[144],"devices":[147],"into":[148],"our":[149],"evaluation":[150],"functions.":[151],"believe":[153],"that":[154],"creates":[157],"foundation":[159],"future":[161],"it":[164],"will":[165],"more":[173],"complex":[174],"realistic":[176],"structures.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}