{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2146744959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s026988891100018x","title":"Review of the state of the art: discovering and associating semantics to tags in folksonomies","display_name":"Review of the state of the art: discovering and associating semantics to tags in folksonomies","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-02-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2146744959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s026988891100018x","mag":"2146744959"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s026988891100018x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s026988891100018x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137506714","display_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","issn_l":"0269-8889","issn":["0269-8889","1469-8005"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005031316","display_name":"Andr\u00e9s Garc\u00eda-Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5664-488X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andr\u00e9s Garc\u00eda-Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ontology Engineering Group, Facultad de Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Spain; e-mail:","e-mail:","Ontology Engineering Group, Facultad de Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontology Engineering Group, Facultad de Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Spain; e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"e-mail:","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontology Engineering Group, Facultad de Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082377531","display_name":"\u00d3scar Corcho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9260-0753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Oscar Corcho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ontology Engineering Group, Facultad de Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Spain; e-mail:","Ontology Engineering Group, Facultad de Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Spain","e-mail:"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontology Engineering Group, Facultad de Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Spain; e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontology Engineering Group, Facultad de Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"e-mail:","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074716096","display_name":"Harith Alani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2784-349X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","display_name":"The Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Harith Alani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK; e-mail:","e-mail:","Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK; e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"e-mail:","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006108971","display_name":"Asunc\u00edon G\u00f3mez-P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3037-0331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Asunci\u00f3n G\u00f3mez-P\u00e9rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ontology Engineering Group, Facultad de Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Spain; e-mail:","e-mail:","Ontology Engineering Group, Facultad de Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontology Engineering Group, Facultad de Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Spain; e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"e-mail:","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontology Engineering Group, Facultad de Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005031316","https://openalex.org/A5006108971","https://openalex.org/A5074716096","https://openalex.org/A5082377531"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569","https://openalex.org/I88060688"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.148,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98949555,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"1","first_page":"57","last_page":"85"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7825486660003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.7256469130516052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6412973403930664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.556065559387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.5101180672645569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.4941573441028595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4716835618019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/association","display_name":"Association (psychology)","score":0.4413696527481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12462598085403442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.07120978832244873}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7825486660003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.7256469130516052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6412973403930664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.556065559387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5101180672645569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.4941573441028595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4716835618019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4413696527481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12462598085403442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.07120978832244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s026988891100018x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s026988891100018x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137506714","display_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","issn_l":"0269-8889","issn":["0269-8889","1469-8005"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oro.open.ac.uk:25150","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://oro.open.ac.uk/view/person/ha2294.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401187","display_name":"Open Research Online (The Open University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","host_organization_name":"The Open University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dnet:archivodigit::0caba70d6311ff354302536ab50013f2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://oa.upm.es/6376/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402641","display_name":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Cient\u00edficas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4383465926","host_organization_name":"LA Referencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4383465926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review, ISSN 0269-8889, 2012-02-22, Vol. 27, No. 01","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oa.upm.es:6376","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://oa.upm.es/6376/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196323","display_name":"UPM Digital Archive (Technical University of Madrid)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","host_organization_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review, ISSN 0269-8889, 2012-02-22, Vol. 27, No. 01","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W428677752","https://openalex.org/W1484077010","https://openalex.org/W1528131541","https://openalex.org/W1549014378","https://openalex.org/W1549874165","https://openalex.org/W1561036501","https://openalex.org/W1565044497","https://openalex.org/W1569725093","https://openalex.org/W1601448464","https://openalex.org/W1660390307","https://openalex.org/W1876696094","https://openalex.org/W1878544175","https://openalex.org/W1946458597","https://openalex.org/W1987996059","https://openalex.org/W2018318499","https://openalex.org/W2020490061","https://openalex.org/W2101933170","https://openalex.org/W2102775690","https://openalex.org/W2103467726","https://openalex.org/W2108874391","https://openalex.org/W2112822708","https://openalex.org/W2119248330","https://openalex.org/W2128336148","https://openalex.org/W2132232128","https://openalex.org/W2136480620","https://openalex.org/W2144427355","https://openalex.org/W2152304674","https://openalex.org/W2153362134","https://openalex.org/W2154223941","https://openalex.org/W2161173831","https://openalex.org/W2161678050","https://openalex.org/W2167429226","https://openalex.org/W2167699886","https://openalex.org/W2169327824","https://openalex.org/W2238904277","https://openalex.org/W2501765443","https://openalex.org/W2611894836","https://openalex.org/W2885253696","https://openalex.org/W4293690910","https://openalex.org/W6628981437","https://openalex.org/W6634117792","https://openalex.org/W6639251320","https://openalex.org/W6683824308","https://openalex.org/W6689832025"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2352440174","https://openalex.org/W4309440960","https://openalex.org/W2088836968","https://openalex.org/W2369480852","https://openalex.org/W2062168445","https://openalex.org/W2360473631","https://openalex.org/W2348940229","https://openalex.org/W2363046693","https://openalex.org/W2897855253","https://openalex.org/W2389491697"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"paper":[2],"describes":[3],"and":[4,40,74,90],"compares":[5],"the":[6,20,56,62,80,84,87,98,101],"most":[7],"relevant":[8],"approaches":[9,39,81],"for":[10],"associating":[11],"tags":[12],"with":[13],"semantics":[14],"in":[15],"order":[16],"to":[17,45,76,83,93],"make":[18],"explicit":[19],"meaning":[21],"of":[22,30,51,79,86,100],"those":[23],"tags.":[24],"We":[25],"identify":[26],"a":[27,48],"common":[28],"set":[29],"steps":[31],"that":[32,59],"are":[33],"usually":[34],"considered":[35],"across":[36],"all":[37],"these":[38],"frame":[41],"our":[42],"descriptions":[43],"according":[44,82],"them,":[46],"providing":[47],"unified":[49],"view":[50],"how":[52,73,92],"each":[53,78],"approach":[54],"tackles":[55],"different":[57,102],"problems":[58],"appear":[60],"during":[61],"semantic":[63],"association":[64],"process.":[65],"Furthermore,":[66],"we":[67],"provide":[68],"some":[69],"recommendations":[70],"on":[71],"(a)":[72],"when":[75],"use":[77],"characteristics":[85],"data":[88],"source,":[89],"(b)":[91],"improve":[94],"results":[95],"by":[96],"leveraging":[97],"strengths":[99],"approaches.":[103]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
