{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2023324825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0269888904000190","title":"A review of explanation methods for heuristic expert systems","display_name":"A review of explanation methods for heuristic expert systems","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2023324825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0269888904000190","mag":"2023324825"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0269888904000190","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0269888904000190","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137506714","display_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","issn_l":"0269-8889","issn":["0269-8889","1469-8005"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030988901","display_name":"Carmen Lacave","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2770-8482"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","display_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"CARMEN LACAVE","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Paseo de la Universidad, 4, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; e-mail:","Department of Computer Science, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Paseo de la Universidad, 4, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain","e-mail:"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Paseo de la Universidad, 4, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Paseo de la Universidad, 4, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"e-mail:","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039993276","display_name":"Francisco Javier D\u00edez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9855-9248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178450904","display_name":"Universidad Nacional de Educaci\u00f3n a Distancia","ror":"https://ror.org/02msb5n36","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178450904"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"FRANCISCO J. DIEZ","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Artificial Intelligence, UNED, Avda. Juan del Rosal, 16, 28040 Madrid, Spain; e-mail:","e-mail:","Department of Artificial Intelligence, UNED, Avda. Juan del Rosal, 16, 28040 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Artificial Intelligence, UNED, Avda. Juan del Rosal, 16, 28040 Madrid, Spain; e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178450904"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"e-mail:","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Artificial Intelligence, UNED, Avda. Juan del Rosal, 16, 28040 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178450904"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7757,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90934564,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"133","last_page":"146"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-system","display_name":"Expert system","score":0.7920033931732178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7508679628372192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.7211494445800781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.4246736466884613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4186210334300995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3595220446586609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.06204482913017273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58328972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184609","display_name":"Expert system","level":2,"score":0.7920033931732178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7508679628372192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.7211494445800781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.4246736466884613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4186210334300995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3595220446586609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06204482913017273}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0269888904000190","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0269888904000190","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137506714","display_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","issn_l":"0269-8889","issn":["0269-8889","1469-8005"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26924883","https://openalex.org/W30055058","https://openalex.org/W54118280","https://openalex.org/W101442828","https://openalex.org/W158482055","https://openalex.org/W158727920","https://openalex.org/W200068307","https://openalex.org/W1487234737","https://openalex.org/W1502135568","https://openalex.org/W1504867478","https://openalex.org/W1525419939","https://openalex.org/W1526554357","https://openalex.org/W1536446181","https://openalex.org/W1546613574","https://openalex.org/W1549872659","https://openalex.org/W1550110123","https://openalex.org/W1581658097","https://openalex.org/W1587681386","https://openalex.org/W1762323318","https://openalex.org/W1860929026","https://openalex.org/W1927620212","https://openalex.org/W1964459360","https://openalex.org/W1968269935","https://openalex.org/W1985605499","https://openalex.org/W2005336011","https://openalex.org/W2010793828","https://openalex.org/W2014798403","https://openalex.org/W2030721126","https://openalex.org/W2037792717","https://openalex.org/W2040667141","https://openalex.org/W2048737604","https://openalex.org/W2057279252","https://openalex.org/W2062342610","https://openalex.org/W2072893471","https://openalex.org/W2105953471","https://openalex.org/W2111575884","https://openalex.org/W2112337133","https://openalex.org/W2116515842","https://openalex.org/W2119730684","https://openalex.org/W2129639577","https://openalex.org/W2142910214","https://openalex.org/W2146544759","https://openalex.org/W2159080219","https://openalex.org/W2160206597","https://openalex.org/W2166320445","https://openalex.org/W2167702024","https://openalex.org/W2178448128","https://openalex.org/W2276325977","https://openalex.org/W2561422619","https://openalex.org/W2570774740","https://openalex.org/W2605981463","https://openalex.org/W3133236490","https://openalex.org/W3162099472"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4224009465","https://openalex.org/W4286629047","https://openalex.org/W4306321456","https://openalex.org/W4285260836","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4205958290","https://openalex.org/W4386462264"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Explanation":[0],"of":[1,5],"reasoning":[2],"is":[3],"one":[4],"the":[6,38],"most":[7],"important":[8],"abilities":[9],"an":[10],"expert":[11,26,47],"system":[12],"should":[13],"provide":[14],"in":[15,45],"order":[16],"to":[17,30,41],"be":[18],"widely":[19],"accepted.":[20],"In":[21],"fact,":[22],"since":[23],"MYCIN,":[24],"many":[25],"systems":[27],"have":[28],"tried":[29],"include":[31],"some":[32],"explanation":[33,44],"capability.":[34],"This":[35],"paper":[36],"reviews":[37],"methods":[39],"developed":[40],"date":[42],"for":[43],"heuristic":[46],"systems.":[48]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
