{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1996398462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900006354","title":"Knowledge systems for financial advice","display_name":"Knowledge systems for financial advice","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1996398462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900006354","mag":"1996398462"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0269888900006354","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900006354","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137506714","display_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","issn_l":"0269-8889","issn":["0269-8889","1469-8005"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037588274","display_name":"Vijay Mital","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"V. Mital","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Computers in Law and Finance, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Computers in Law and Finance, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037588274"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.558,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72610246,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"215","last_page":"249"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9524999856948853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11801","display_name":"Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods","score":0.9243999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advice","display_name":"Advice (programming)","score":0.8140859603881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.7306338548660278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","score":0.6909207105636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6212274432182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5208183526992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.509870171546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-knowledge","display_name":"Domain knowledge","score":0.43812140822410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.4351283013820648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4338111877441406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4325329065322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.42072951793670654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.28865253925323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1740749180316925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management","display_name":"Management","score":0.17000305652618408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13957709074020386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.1161278784275055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.07255163788795471}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779955035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4686785","display_name":"Advice (programming)","level":2,"score":0.8140859603881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.7306338548660278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.6909207105636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6212274432182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5208183526992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.509870171546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.43812140822410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4351283013820648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4338111877441406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4325329065322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.42072951793670654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.28865253925323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1740749180316925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.17000305652618408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13957709074020386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1161278784275055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.07255163788795471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0269888900006354","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900006354","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137506714","display_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","issn_l":"0269-8889","issn":["0269-8889","1469-8005"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W313353743","https://openalex.org/W603967362","https://openalex.org/W1525136198","https://openalex.org/W1579055868","https://openalex.org/W1604100511","https://openalex.org/W1876793518","https://openalex.org/W1988439111","https://openalex.org/W1998280593","https://openalex.org/W2015129352","https://openalex.org/W2030023124","https://openalex.org/W2040672389","https://openalex.org/W2047255138","https://openalex.org/W2078919071","https://openalex.org/W2079620829","https://openalex.org/W2094010979","https://openalex.org/W2095629646","https://openalex.org/W2096353571","https://openalex.org/W2110293626","https://openalex.org/W2112877948","https://openalex.org/W2123761774","https://openalex.org/W2125845837","https://openalex.org/W2130401083","https://openalex.org/W2156159857","https://openalex.org/W2171009238","https://openalex.org/W2479868023","https://openalex.org/W2798493819","https://openalex.org/W4239471126","https://openalex.org/W4240549901","https://openalex.org/W4242439297","https://openalex.org/W4251765197","https://openalex.org/W4302603702","https://openalex.org/W6600511964","https://openalex.org/W6683003971"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3090906284","https://openalex.org/W253876680","https://openalex.org/W1987931999","https://openalex.org/W4293797372","https://openalex.org/W1984742304","https://openalex.org/W1583422155","https://openalex.org/W2158321484","https://openalex.org/W3213252596","https://openalex.org/W1649619740","https://openalex.org/W1534006406"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,91],"financial":[2,89],"domain":[3],"has":[4,45],"seen":[5,108],"considerable":[6],"knowledge":[7,81],"Systems":[8,82,113],"activity.":[9],"Some":[10],"of":[11,52,86],"the":[12,53,57,60,65,73,84,100,120],"efforts":[13],"have":[14,22,29],"resulted":[15],"in":[16],"deployable":[17],"Systems,":[18],"but":[19],"many":[20],"others":[21,118],"met":[23],"with":[24,80],"much":[25],"less":[26],"success.":[27,40],"Commentators":[28],"attempted":[30],"to":[31,99],"discern":[32],"broad,":[33],"universal":[34],"indicators":[35],"which":[36],"explain":[37],"or":[38],"predict":[39],"More":[41],"recently,":[42],"however,":[43],"it":[44],"become":[46],"clearer":[47],"that":[48,109],"a":[49],"principal":[50],"cause":[51],"difficultes":[54],"encountered":[55],"is":[56,107],"incongruence":[58],"between":[59],"real":[61],"world":[62],"task":[63],"and":[64,97],"System":[66,101],"architecture":[67],"employed":[68,103],"by":[69,104],"developers.":[70,105],"Proceeding":[71],"from":[72],"latter":[74],"perspective,":[75],"this":[76],"paper":[77],"concerns":[78],"itself":[79],"for":[83,115,122],"provision":[85],"investment":[87],"related":[88],"advice.":[90],"various":[92],"tasks":[93],"involved":[94],"are":[95],"differentiated":[96],"correlated":[98],"architectures":[102],"It":[106],"while":[110],"simple":[111],"rulebased":[112],"suffice":[114],"some":[116],"tasks,":[117],"indicate":[119],"need":[121],"techniques":[123],"such":[124],"as":[125],"Case-Based":[126],"Design.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}