{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2086570309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s026988890000521x","title":"Planning and decision theory","display_name":"Planning and decision theory","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2086570309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s026988890000521x","mag":"2086570309"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s026988890000521x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s026988890000521x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137506714","display_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","issn_l":"0269-8889","issn":["0269-8889","1469-8005"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023456047","display_name":"Peter Haddawy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2203-006X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79884896","display_name":"University of Illinois at Springfield","ror":"https://ror.org/0126qma51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79884896"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Haddawy","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Dept of Computer Science, 1304 W. Springfield, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Dept of Computer Science, 1304 W. Springfield, Urbana, IL 61801, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79884896"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056314822","display_name":"Larry Rendell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79884896","display_name":"University of Illinois at Springfield","ror":"https://ror.org/0126qma51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79884896"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Larry Rendell","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Dept of Computer Science, 1304 W. Springfield, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Dept of Computer Science, 1304 W. Springfield, Urbana, IL 61801, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79884896"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79884896"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9623,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80841395,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"15","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6981823444366455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6789637804031372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plan","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","score":0.6247443556785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-theory","display_name":"Decision theory","score":0.5544779896736145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structuring","display_name":"Structuring","score":0.5409042239189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.5370067358016968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-engineering","display_name":"Decision engineering","score":0.5171701312065125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/influence-diagram","display_name":"Influence diagram","score":0.49247345328330994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-analysis","display_name":"Decision analysis","score":0.4898323714733124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-decision-theory","display_name":"Causal decision theory","score":0.45957183837890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-planning-and-scheduling","display_name":"Automated planning and scheduling","score":0.4494627118110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evidential-reasoning-approach","display_name":"Evidential reasoning approach","score":0.43103939294815063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-problem","display_name":"Decision problem","score":0.4293564558029175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.421543687582016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support-system","display_name":"Decision support system","score":0.40840187668800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.3342753052711487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-decision-mapping","display_name":"Business decision mapping","score":0.33276933431625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1724568009376526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.10287734866142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.08567699790000916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07651424407958984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6981823444366455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6789637804031372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776505523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785468","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6247443556785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28901747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177571","display_name":"Decision theory","level":2,"score":0.5544779896736145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775945657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381442","display_name":"Structuring","level":2,"score":0.5409042239189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.5370067358016968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135115379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2750514","display_name":"Decision engineering","level":4,"score":0.5171701312065125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20837028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623966","display_name":"Influence diagram","level":3,"score":0.49247345328330994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186116695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249226","display_name":"Decision analysis","level":2,"score":0.4898323714733124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83136003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054565","display_name":"Causal decision theory","level":5,"score":0.45957183837890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114073186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2631895","display_name":"Automated planning and scheduling","level":2,"score":0.4494627118110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156201811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5418360","display_name":"Evidential reasoning approach","level":4,"score":0.43103939294815063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115988155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3262192","display_name":"Decision problem","level":2,"score":0.4293564558029175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.421543687582016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.40840187668800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.3342753052711487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97944126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5001864","display_name":"Business decision mapping","level":3,"score":0.33276933431625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1724568009376526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.10287734866142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.08567699790000916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07651424407958984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s026988890000521x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s026988890000521x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137506714","display_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","issn_l":"0269-8889","issn":["0269-8889","1469-8005"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41895731","https://openalex.org/W113489683","https://openalex.org/W125130877","https://openalex.org/W141474991","https://openalex.org/W166242000","https://openalex.org/W166266902","https://openalex.org/W181235756","https://openalex.org/W211313859","https://openalex.org/W365089568","https://openalex.org/W640628915","https://openalex.org/W1548573677","https://openalex.org/W1570808150","https://openalex.org/W1572073643","https://openalex.org/W1578830675","https://openalex.org/W1582772526","https://openalex.org/W1586505836","https://openalex.org/W1588751014","https://openalex.org/W1864286575","https://openalex.org/W1965761421","https://openalex.org/W1966984769","https://openalex.org/W1969406070","https://openalex.org/W1973943855","https://openalex.org/W1976967275","https://openalex.org/W1978304080","https://openalex.org/W1986808060","https://openalex.org/W1986822856","https://openalex.org/W1988520084","https://openalex.org/W1993734789","https://openalex.org/W1998274472","https://openalex.org/W2004467535","https://openalex.org/W2006258746","https://openalex.org/W2007553038","https://openalex.org/W2007999105","https://openalex.org/W2009328995","https://openalex.org/W2013953457","https://openalex.org/W2015779132","https://openalex.org/W2038908222","https://openalex.org/W2039358567","https://openalex.org/W2046942789","https://openalex.org/W2051257402","https://openalex.org/W2058243370","https://openalex.org/W2059616230","https://openalex.org/W2076441302","https://openalex.org/W2081885809","https://openalex.org/W2082432863","https://openalex.org/W2087698439","https://openalex.org/W2103502708","https://openalex.org/W2104351678","https://openalex.org/W2116392449","https://openalex.org/W2122540544","https://openalex.org/W2126163471","https://openalex.org/W2133752818","https://openalex.org/W2140225262","https://openalex.org/W2147745545","https://openalex.org/W2151950075","https://openalex.org/W2152323875","https://openalex.org/W2244525737","https://openalex.org/W2294604761","https://openalex.org/W2313173866","https://openalex.org/W2324075002","https://openalex.org/W2337392266","https://openalex.org/W2795495912","https://openalex.org/W2795580387","https://openalex.org/W2797078163","https://openalex.org/W2797328151","https://openalex.org/W2801208282","https://openalex.org/W3016266227","https://openalex.org/W3032363870","https://openalex.org/W3144889436","https://openalex.org/W4213275297","https://openalex.org/W4230575479","https://openalex.org/W4233782578","https://openalex.org/W4243742020","https://openalex.org/W4251699153","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6605075745","https://openalex.org/W6634976406","https://openalex.org/W6636435219","https://openalex.org/W6654016990","https://openalex.org/W6697298170","https://openalex.org/W6793045953","https://openalex.org/W6817732460"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W787402332","https://openalex.org/W2376574686","https://openalex.org/W2100451732","https://openalex.org/W2009277148","https://openalex.org/W2369814984","https://openalex.org/W82626187","https://openalex.org/W4379255846","https://openalex.org/W3108582778","https://openalex.org/W4306181635","https://openalex.org/W2076389382"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Research":[0],"on":[1,26,211],"planning":[2,29,120,147],"in":[3,41,163,239],"AI":[4,19,114,164,193,218],"can":[5,54,235],"be":[6,55,90,154,184,237],"separated":[7],"into":[8],"the":[9,27,62,65,99,105,141,171,205,230,240],"two":[10,134],"major":[11],"areas:":[12],"plan":[13,16,42,165,179],"generation":[14,166],"and":[15,86,115,214,219,244],"representation.":[17,30,100],"Most":[18],"planners":[20],"to":[21,57,119,153,156,176,186],"date":[22],"have":[23],"been":[24,122],"based":[25],"STRIPS":[28],"This":[31],"representation":[32,43,107,226],"has":[33,44,121,167,194,209],"a":[34,59,70,127],"number":[35,60],"of":[36,61,73,98,146,173,202,217,229,232],"limitations.":[37,47,63],"Much":[38],"recent":[39],"work":[40,112,234],"addressed":[45],"these":[46,93],"It":[48,88],"was":[49],"shown":[50],"that":[51,92,198],"Decision":[52,207],"Theory":[53,208],"used":[56],"remove":[58],"Furthermore,":[64],"decision":[66,81,116,143,159,187,220,245],"theoretic":[67,117,144,160,188,221,246],"framework":[68],"provides":[69],"precise":[71],"definition":[72],"rational":[74],"behaviour.":[75],"There":[76],"remain":[77],"open":[78],"questions":[79],"within":[80],"theory":[82],"regarding":[83],"belief":[84],"revision":[85],"causality.":[87],"should":[89,183],"noted":[91],"problems":[94],"are":[95],"not":[96],"artifacts":[97],"Rather":[101],"they":[102],"arise":[103],"because":[104],"rich":[106],"allows":[108],"their":[109],"formulation.":[110],"Some":[111,228],"integrating":[113],"approaches":[118],"done":[123],"but":[124],"this":[125],"remains":[126],"largely":[128],"untouched":[129],"research":[130,241],"area.":[131],"We":[132],"see":[133],"main":[135],"avenues":[136],"for":[137],"fruitful":[138],"research.":[139],"First,":[140],"straightforward":[142],"formulation":[145],"is":[148],"computationally":[149],"impractical.":[150],"Techniques":[151],"need":[152],"developed":[155,195],"do":[157],"efficient":[158,178],"planning.":[161],"Work":[162],"exploited":[168],"information":[169],"contained":[170],"structure":[172],"qualitative":[174],"representations":[175,189,197,222],"guide":[177],"construction.":[180],"These":[181],"techniques":[182],"applied":[185],"as":[190],"well.":[191],"Second,":[192],"many":[196],"allow":[199],"useful":[200],"structuring":[201],"knowledge":[203],"about":[204],"world.":[206],"concentrated":[210],"representing":[212],"beliefs":[213],"desires.":[215],"Integration":[216],"would":[223],"yield":[224],"powerful":[225],"languages.":[227],"benefits":[231],"such":[233],"already":[236],"seen":[238],"combining":[242],"temporal":[243],"representations.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}