{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2083084058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900004033","title":"Meta-knowledge in systems design: panacea \u2026 or undelivered promise?","display_name":"Meta-knowledge in systems design: panacea \u2026 or undelivered promise?","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2083084058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900004033","mag":"2083084058"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0269888900004033","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900004033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137506714","display_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","issn_l":"0269-8889","issn":["0269-8889","1469-8005"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034054639","display_name":"Yannis Kalfoglou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","display_name":"The Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"YANNIS KALFOGLOU","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, 80 South Bridge, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH1 1HN, Scotland \u2013 now associated with: Knowledge Media Institute (KMi), The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, England","School of Artif. Intell., 80 South Bridge, Univ. of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH1 1HN, Scotland \u2013 Knowl. Media Inst. (KMi), The Open Univ., Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, England. [email\u00a0protected] ...#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, 80 South Bridge, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH1 1HN, Scotland \u2013 now associated with: Knowledge Media Institute (KMi), The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artif. Intell., 80 South Bridge, Univ. of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH1 1HN, Scotland \u2013 Knowl. Media Inst. (KMi), The Open Univ., Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, England. [email\u00a0protected] ...#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077008083","display_name":"Tim Menzies","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5040-3196"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"TIM MENZIES","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA/WVU Software Research Lab, 100 University Drive, Fairmont, WV, USA \u2013 now associated with: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2356 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T1Z4 BC, Canada","NASA/WVU Software Research Lab, 100 Univ. Drive, Fairmont, WV, USA \u2013 Dept. of Elec. and Comp. Eng., 2356 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T1Z4 BC, Canada. [email\u00a0protected]#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA/WVU Software Research Lab, 100 University Drive, Fairmont, WV, USA \u2013 now associated with: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2356 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T1Z4 BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA/WVU Software Research Lab, 100 Univ. Drive, Fairmont, WV, USA \u2013 Dept. of Elec. and Comp. Eng., 2356 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T1Z4 BC, Canada. [email\u00a0protected]#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053192946","display_name":"Klaus\u2010Dieter Althoff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7330-6540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098380","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00r1wdc11","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098380","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KLAUS-DIETER ALTHOFF","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering, Kaiserslautern, Germany","Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering, Kaiserslautern, Germany. klaus-dieter.althoff@iese.fhg.de"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering, Kaiserslautern, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering, Kaiserslautern, Germany. klaus-dieter.althoff@iese.fhg.de","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068408717","display_name":"Enrico Motta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0015-1952"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","display_name":"The Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ENRICO MOTTA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knowledge Media Institute (KMi), The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, England","Knowledge Media Institute (KMi), The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, England. e.motta@open.ac.uk"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge Media Institute (KMi), The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge Media Institute (KMi), The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, England. e.motta@open.ac.uk","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034054639"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569","https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.391,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96813818,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"4","first_page":"381","last_page":"404"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panacea","display_name":"Panacea (medicine)","score":0.7116266489028931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6329054236412048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reuse","display_name":"Reuse","score":0.6008715033531189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.5896272659301758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5862078070640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.540961503982544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5222219228744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.47341448068618774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.4681587219238281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tacit-knowledge","display_name":"Tacit knowledge","score":0.43272626399993896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-sharing","display_name":"Knowledge sharing","score":0.431222528219223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.42268872261047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.3752918541431427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.28171098232269287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21812808513641357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17698967456817627}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26993612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910154","display_name":"Panacea (medicine)","level":3,"score":0.7116266489028931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6329054236412048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.6008715033531189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.5896272659301758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5862078070640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.540961503982544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5222219228744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47341448068618774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.4681587219238281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779561248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q743861","display_name":"Tacit knowledge","level":2,"score":0.43272626399993896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776604539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423395","display_name":"Knowledge sharing","level":2,"score":0.431222528219223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.42268872261047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3752918541431427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.28171098232269287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21812808513641357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17698967456817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0269888900004033","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900004033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137506714","display_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","issn_l":"0269-8889","issn":["0269-8889","1469-8005"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Knowledge Engineering Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:260533","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/260533/1/ker00.ps","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.111.989","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.111.989","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.iis.uni-hildesheim.de/files/staff/althoff/publications/ker00.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.115.8024","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.115.8024","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://menzies.us/pdf/00ker.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.21.795","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.21.795","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://kmi.open.ac.uk/people/yannis/ker00.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:256435","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/256435/1/ker00.ps","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-37984","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-37984.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer IESE","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/196702","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/196702","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":85,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2756301","https://openalex.org/W31045409","https://openalex.org/W66939200","https://openalex.org/W69826390","https://openalex.org/W141702428","https://openalex.org/W617329964","https://openalex.org/W1483479610","https://openalex.org/W1489367396","https://openalex.org/W1495002184","https://openalex.org/W1504828493","https://openalex.org/W1505839237","https://openalex.org/W1512054472","https://openalex.org/W1521591401","https://openalex.org/W1522224264","https://openalex.org/W1535654799","https://openalex.org/W1538127027","https://openalex.org/W1542279785","https://openalex.org/W1568166711","https://openalex.org/W1571907546","https://openalex.org/W1584585813","https://openalex.org/W1605533097","https://openalex.org/W1649645444","https://openalex.org/W1665997306","https://openalex.org/W1669329984","https://openalex.org/W1751218884","https://openalex.org/W1774800540","https://openalex.org/W1810175864","https://openalex.org/W1876476061","https://openalex.org/W1887272959","https://openalex.org/W1895682746","https://openalex.org/W1947463438","https://openalex.org/W1956803361","https://openalex.org/W1972762863","https://openalex.org/W1973170747","https://openalex.org/W1975863744","https://openalex.org/W1994945260","https://openalex.org/W1998378547","https://openalex.org/W2003748811","https://openalex.org/W2007956495","https://openalex.org/W2008505195","https://openalex.org/W2008783413","https://openalex.org/W2010793828","https://openalex.org/W2024880014","https://openalex.org/W2028496109","https://openalex.org/W2038187915","https://openalex.org/W2038541897","https://openalex.org/W2043795103","https://openalex.org/W2046490617","https://openalex.org/W2046637791","https://openalex.org/W2047219813","https://openalex.org/W2063580821","https://openalex.org/W2067941730","https://openalex.org/W2068212285","https://openalex.org/W2068394020","https://openalex.org/W2078759647","https://openalex.org/W2080293785","https://openalex.org/W2083945093","https://openalex.org/W2086200448","https://openalex.org/W2097718273","https://openalex.org/W2108673043","https://openalex.org/W2111163971","https://openalex.org/W2111799631","https://openalex.org/W2112870034","https://openalex.org/W2113130137","https://openalex.org/W2117870171","https://openalex.org/W2118686428","https://openalex.org/W2120978952","https://openalex.org/W2123894844","https://openalex.org/W2124957697","https://openalex.org/W2125249733","https://openalex.org/W2125253503","https://openalex.org/W2127086537","https://openalex.org/W2133109597","https://openalex.org/W2134917048","https://openalex.org/W2135093973","https://openalex.org/W2135452472","https://openalex.org/W2159765281","https://openalex.org/W2162217320","https://openalex.org/W2165242406","https://openalex.org/W2166957636","https://openalex.org/W2167926541","https://openalex.org/W2168753596","https://openalex.org/W2170548100","https://openalex.org/W2174366823","https://openalex.org/W2274179933"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2100901739","https://openalex.org/W2073210364","https://openalex.org/W4242593755","https://openalex.org/W2123548032","https://openalex.org/W2564831469","https://openalex.org/W2002441522","https://openalex.org/W2073363395","https://openalex.org/W2889483553","https://openalex.org/W2034355831","https://openalex.org/W2314914385"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"study":[2],"we":[3,144],"present":[4,126],"a":[5,21,66,131],"review":[6,150],"of":[7,11,23,79,107,153],"the":[8,17,27,42,77,113],"emerging":[9],"field":[10],"meta-knowledge":[12,73,124],"components":[13],"as":[14],"practised":[15],"over":[16],"past":[18],"decade":[19],"among":[20],"variety":[22],"practitioners.":[24],"We":[25,68,96,109],"use":[26],"artificially":[28],"defined":[29],"term":[30],"\u201cmeta-knowledge\u201d":[31],"to":[32,49,63,82,146],"encompass":[33],"all":[34,128],"those":[35],"different":[36,114],"but":[37,65],"overlapping":[38],"notions":[39],"used":[40],"by":[41,86,121],"artificial":[43],"intelligence":[44],"and":[45,58,61,92,101,136,148],"software":[46],"engineering":[47],"communities":[48],"represent":[50],"reusable":[51],"modelling":[52],"frameworks:":[53],"ontologies,":[54],"problem-solving":[55],"methods,":[56],"patterns":[57],"experience":[59],"factories":[60],"bases,":[62],"name":[64],"few.":[67],"then":[69],"elaborate":[70],"on":[71,98,140,151],"how":[72],"is":[74,125],"deployed":[75],"in":[76,118,127,130],"context":[78],"system's":[80],"design":[81,120],"improve":[83],"its":[84,89,94,99,137],"reliability":[85],"consistency-checking,":[87],"enhance":[88],"reuse":[90],"potential":[91],"manage":[93],"knowledge-sharing.":[95],"speculate":[97],"usefulness":[100],"explore":[102],"technologies":[103],"for":[104],"supporting":[105],"deployment":[106],"meta-knowledge.":[108],"argue":[110],"that,":[111],"despite":[112],"approaches":[115],"being":[116],"followed":[117],"systems":[119],"divergent":[122],"communities,":[123],"cases,":[129],"tacit":[132],"or":[133],"explicit":[134],"form,":[135],"utilisation":[138],"depends":[139],"pragmatic":[141],"aspects":[142],"which":[143],"try":[145],"identify":[147],"critically":[149],"criteria":[152],"effectiveness.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}