{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2135660333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s026357471000069x","title":"RepRap \u2013 the replicating rapid prototyper","display_name":"RepRap \u2013 the replicating rapid prototyper","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2135660333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s026357471000069x","mag":"2135660333"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s026357471000069x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s026357471000069x","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/5979FD7B0C066CBCE43EEAD869E871AA/S026357471000069Xa.pdf/div-class-title-reprap-the-replicating-rapid-prototyper-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92163612","display_name":"Robotica","issn_l":"0263-5747","issn":["0263-5747","1469-8668"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Robotica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/5979FD7B0C066CBCE43EEAD869E871AA/S026357471000069Xa.pdf/div-class-title-reprap-the-replicating-rapid-prototyper-div.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036918419","display_name":"Rhys Jones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3212-8714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","display_name":"University of Bath","ror":"https://ror.org/002h8g185","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rhys Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bath University, Bath BA2 7AY, UK","\u2020Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bath University, Bath BA2 7AY, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bath University, Bath BA2 7AY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u2020Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bath University, Bath BA2 7AY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063290712","display_name":"P. Haufe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166433441","display_name":"Hochschule Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04f7jc139","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166433441"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Haufe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty 5, Department of Biomimetics/Biological Materials, Hochschule Bremen, University of Applied Sciences, Neustadtswall 30, D-28199 Bremen, Germany","Faculty 5, department of biomimetics/biological materials, hochschule bremen, university of applied sciences, neustadtswall 30, d-28199 bremen, germany#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty 5, Department of Biomimetics/Biological Materials, Hochschule Bremen, University of Applied Sciences, Neustadtswall 30, D-28199 Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166433441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty 5, department of biomimetics/biological materials, hochschule bremen, university of applied sciences, neustadtswall 30, d-28199 bremen, germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166433441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034270464","display_name":"Edward Sells","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137377929","display_name":"East Sussex County Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0236s9n59","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137377929"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward Sells","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bits From Bytes Ltd., Unit 17 Hither Green Industrial Estate, Clevedon, North Somerset BS21 6XU, UK","Bits from bytes ltd., unit 17 hither green industrial estate, clevedon, north somerset bs21 6xu, uk#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bits From Bytes Ltd., Unit 17 Hither Green Industrial Estate, Clevedon, North Somerset BS21 6XU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137377929"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bits from bytes ltd., unit 17 hither green industrial estate, clevedon, north somerset bs21 6xu, uk#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059094456","display_name":"Pejman Iravani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4965-0341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","display_name":"University of Bath","ror":"https://ror.org/002h8g185","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pejman Iravani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bath University, Bath BA2 7AY, UK","\u2020Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bath University, Bath BA2 7AY, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bath University, Bath BA2 7AY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u2020Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bath University, Bath BA2 7AY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037088682","display_name":"Vik Olliver","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135967","display_name":"Time Warner (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/045xx6g59","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135967"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vik Olliver","raw_affiliation_strings":["Diamond Age Solutions Ltd., 72 Warner Park Avenue, Laingholm, Waitakere, New Zealand","Diamond age solutions ltd., 72 warner park avenue, laingholm, waitakere, new zealand#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diamond Age Solutions Ltd., 72 Warner Park Avenue, Laingholm, Waitakere, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135967"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diamond age solutions ltd., 72 warner park avenue, laingholm, waitakere, new zealand#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059565310","display_name":"Chris Palmer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-016X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800317478","display_name":"Astley Ainslie Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01wx86652","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324252669","https://openalex.org/I2800317478"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149991","display_name":"Kingsley House","ror":"https://ror.org/04dyr4x59","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149991"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris Palmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boatmans Row, Astley Green, Tyldesley, Manchester M29 7JQ, UK","Boatmans row, astley green, tyldesley, manchester m29 7jq, uk#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boatmans Row, Astley Green, Tyldesley, Manchester M29 7JQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149991"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boatmans row, astley green, tyldesley, manchester m29 7jq, uk#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800317478"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026380333","display_name":"Adrian Bowyer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","display_name":"University of Bath","ror":"https://ror.org/002h8g185","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adrian Bowyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bath University, Bath BA2 7AY, UK","\u2020Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bath University, Bath BA2 7AY, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bath University, Bath BA2 7AY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u2020Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bath University, Bath BA2 7AY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026380333"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":42.3452,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":769,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99939124,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"1","first_page":"177","last_page":"191"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6491840481758118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6394696235656738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.5730814337730408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4501405656337738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.11754214763641357}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6491840481758118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6394696235656738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5730814337730408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4501405656337738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11754214763641357}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s026357471000069x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s026357471000069x","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/5979FD7B0C066CBCE43EEAD869E871AA/S026357471000069Xa.pdf/div-class-title-reprap-the-replicating-rapid-prototyper-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92163612","display_name":"Robotica","issn_l":"0263-5747","issn":["0263-5747","1469-8668"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Robotica","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s026357471000069x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s026357471000069x","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/5979FD7B0C066CBCE43EEAD869E871AA/S026357471000069Xa.pdf/div-class-title-reprap-the-replicating-rapid-prototyper-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92163612","display_name":"Robotica","issn_l":"0263-5747","issn":["0263-5747","1469-8668"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Robotica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2135660333.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2135660333.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83475474","https://openalex.org/W202003246","https://openalex.org/W573559799","https://openalex.org/W644562104","https://openalex.org/W1601727337","https://openalex.org/W1973714020","https://openalex.org/W1980508363","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2094998448","https://openalex.org/W2108704847","https://openalex.org/W2136329562","https://openalex.org/W3006376548","https://openalex.org/W4235677294","https://openalex.org/W4243799158","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655","https://openalex.org/W2359140296"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"SUMMARY":[0],"This":[1],"paper":[2],"presents":[3],"the":[4,9,28,34,37,39,42,53,59,75,81,85],"results":[5],"to":[6,33,50,84],"date":[7],"of":[8,36,41,55,58,74,87],"RepRap":[10],"project":[11,15],"\u2013":[12],"an":[13],"ongoing":[14],"that":[16,31,44],"has":[17],"made":[18],"and":[19,46,61,70,72,94],"distributed":[20],"freely":[21],"a":[22,95],"replicating":[23],"rapid":[24],"prototyper.":[25],"We":[26],"give":[27],"background":[29],"reasoning":[30],"led":[32],"invention":[35],"machine,":[38],"selection":[40],"processes":[43],"we":[45],"others":[47],"have":[48,64],"used":[49],"implement":[51],"it,":[52],"designs":[54],"key":[56],"parts":[57],"machine":[60],"how":[62],"these":[63],"evolved":[65],"from":[66],"their":[67],"initial":[68],"concepts":[69],"experiments,":[71],"estimates":[73],"machine's":[76],"reproductive":[77],"success":[78],"out":[79],"in":[80,92],"world":[82],"up":[83],"time":[86],"writing":[88],"(about":[89],"4500":[90],"machines":[91],"two":[93],"half":[96],"years).":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":58},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":71},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":67},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":79},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":86},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":60},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-06-20T22:02:38.213706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}