{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7135381169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115849","title":"Critical review of self-healing mechanisms in 3D-printed concrete: Feasibility, challenges, and pathways toward durable automated construction","display_name":"Critical review of self-healing mechanisms in 3D-printed concrete: Feasibility, challenges, and pathways toward durable automated construction","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7135381169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115849"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115849","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115849","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8792693","display_name":"Materials & Design","issn_l":"0264-1275","issn":["0264-1275","1873-4197"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials &amp; Design","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115849","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129237909","display_name":"Amer Hassan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157507598","display_name":"Shenyang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7f8730","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157507598"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amer Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multidisciplinary Center for Infrastructure Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, 110870, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3732-0468","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multidisciplinary Center for Infrastructure Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, 110870, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157507598"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sabri Mohanad Muayad Sabri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113879","display_name":"Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0257qw677","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113879"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabri Mohanad Muayad Sabri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), 125319, Moscow, Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), 125319, Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129244071","display_name":"Thamer Alomayri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thamer Alomayri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129118530","display_name":"Li Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83714178","display_name":"Shenyang Jianzhu University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zr73v18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83714178"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, 110168, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, 110168, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83714178"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129136673","display_name":"Chunwei Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157507598","display_name":"Shenyang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7f8730","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157507598"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chunwei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multidisciplinary Center for Infrastructure Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, 110870, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-9481","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multidisciplinary Center for Infrastructure Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, 110870, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157507598"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5129136673","https://openalex.org/A5129237909"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157507598"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2000},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2000},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5755248,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"265","issue":null,"first_page":"115849","last_page":"115849"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12247","display_name":"Microbial Applications in Construction Materials","score":0.5799999833106995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12247","display_name":"Microbial Applications in Construction Materials","score":0.5799999833106995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.32510000467300415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10687","display_name":"Innovative concrete reinforcement materials","score":0.012400000356137753,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.2888999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.24070000648498535}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.4991999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4771000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107053488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2674423","display_name":"Construction engineering","level":1,"score":0.3801000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.30809998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117671659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","level":1,"score":0.29660001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.2888999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77595967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3151013","display_name":"Forensic engineering","level":1,"score":0.25760000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.24070000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.23250000178813934}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115849","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115849","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8792693","display_name":"Materials & Design","issn_l":"0264-1275","issn":["0264-1275","1873-4197"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials &amp; Design","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115849","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115849","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8792693","display_name":"Materials & Design","issn_l":"0264-1275","issn":["0264-1275","1873-4197"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials &amp; Design","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321912","display_name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation","ror":"https://ror.org/00ghqgy32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":115,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1638848749","https://openalex.org/W1930299613","https://openalex.org/W1968939492","https://openalex.org/W1994743926","https://openalex.org/W1996638938","https://openalex.org/W2008961326","https://openalex.org/W2009892931","https://openalex.org/W2010152156","https://openalex.org/W2010183328","https://openalex.org/W2019100686","https://openalex.org/W2023273912","https://openalex.org/W2032094733","https://openalex.org/W2038786082","https://openalex.org/W2042467080","https://openalex.org/W2044541505","https://openalex.org/W2046216735","https://openalex.org/W2046516946","https://openalex.org/W2050124474","https://openalex.org/W2056777003","https://openalex.org/W2067351376","https://openalex.org/W2068464593","https://openalex.org/W2086412561","https://openalex.org/W2088386179","https://openalex.org/W2099265503","https://openalex.org/W2108298364","https://openalex.org/W2121229339","https://openalex.org/W2127776121","https://openalex.org/W2130329221","https://openalex.org/W2131604475","https://openalex.org/W2134343912","https://openalex.org/W2138664833","https://openalex.org/W2150289648","https://openalex.org/W2152501767","https://openalex.org/W2235332595","https://openalex.org/W2236967416","https://openalex.org/W2280271580","https://openalex.org/W2287066592","https://openalex.org/W2295699099","https://openalex.org/W2320709214","https://openalex.org/W2473469270","https://openalex.org/W2588958272","https://openalex.org/W2589199877","https://openalex.org/W2599102170","https://openalex.org/W2607131307","https://openalex.org/W2746514904","https://openalex.org/W2769023874","https://openalex.org/W2790506024","https://openalex.org/W2800533113","https://openalex.org/W2804514877","https://openalex.org/W2808508889","https://openalex.org/W2886568155","https://openalex.org/W2890015879","https://openalex.org/W2895529154","https://openalex.org/W2898275836","https://openalex.org/W2913043427","https://openalex.org/W2920739940","https://openalex.org/W2921177911","https://openalex.org/W2944777689","https://openalex.org/W2948695599","https://openalex.org/W2963752787","https://openalex.org/W2971875819","https://openalex.org/W2983217482","https://openalex.org/W3004837098","https://openalex.org/W3008172998","https://openalex.org/W3008592518","https://openalex.org/W3016794352","https://openalex.org/W3032226290","https://openalex.org/W3081050669","https://openalex.org/W3092248963","https://openalex.org/W3092985997","https://openalex.org/W3093614298","https://openalex.org/W3095177470","https://openalex.org/W3111480491","https://openalex.org/W3128006567","https://openalex.org/W3130820175","https://openalex.org/W3137670920","https://openalex.org/W3153996094","https://openalex.org/W3167591533","https://openalex.org/W3167671855","https://openalex.org/W3176332993","https://openalex.org/W3177069612","https://openalex.org/W3183718677","https://openalex.org/W3208347508","https://openalex.org/W3211801343","https://openalex.org/W3212403056","https://openalex.org/W3213464861","https://openalex.org/W4200459239","https://openalex.org/W4210685680","https://openalex.org/W4214485038","https://openalex.org/W4223999594","https://openalex.org/W4225135347","https://openalex.org/W4226373677","https://openalex.org/W4226419274","https://openalex.org/W4280499197","https://openalex.org/W4283206428","https://openalex.org/W4284882432","https://openalex.org/W4285890919","https://openalex.org/W4306157887","https://openalex.org/W4319067264","https://openalex.org/W4366385277","https://openalex.org/W4366439440","https://openalex.org/W4376627203","https://openalex.org/W4377229982","https://openalex.org/W4379791196","https://openalex.org/W4381704817","https://openalex.org/W4386858216","https://openalex.org/W4386996425","https://openalex.org/W4387657799","https://openalex.org/W4388334646","https://openalex.org/W4388519599","https://openalex.org/W4394904118","https://openalex.org/W4402733198","https://openalex.org/W4405189535","https://openalex.org/W4409174882","https://openalex.org/W4415053476"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Three-dimensional":[0],"concrete":[1,176],"printing":[2],"(3DCP)":[3],"offers":[4],"significant":[5],"advantages":[6],"for":[7,111],"automated":[8],"construction;":[9],"however,":[10],"persistent":[11],"challenges":[12,131,158],"such":[13],"as":[14],"microcracking,":[15],"poor":[16],"interlayer":[17,191],"adhesion,":[18],"and":[19,48,56,82,149,167,193,201,213],"accelerated":[20],"material":[21,211],"degradation":[22],"limit":[23],"its":[24,74],"long-term":[25],"durability.":[26],"This":[27],"review":[28,71],"addresses":[29],"the":[30,61,77,83,99,134,150,172],"central":[31],"question":[32],"of":[33,63,69,87,137,152,174,180],"how":[34],"self-healing":[35,80,181],"technologies":[36],"can":[37],"be":[38],"effectively":[39],"integrated":[40],"into":[41],"3DCP":[42],"systems":[43,117],"to":[44],"improve":[45,168],"structural":[46],"performance":[47,170],"sustainability.":[49,214],"Four":[50],"healing":[51,116,138,200],"strategies\u2014autogenous,":[52],"mineral":[53],"admixture-based,":[54],"microbial,":[55],"polymeric\u2014are":[57],"systematically":[58],"analyzed":[59],"within":[60],"constraints":[62],"extrusion-based":[64],"digital":[65],"fabrication.":[66],"The":[67,101],"novelty":[68],"this":[70],"lies":[72],"in":[73,98,182,189],"focus":[75,207],"on":[76,208],"intersection":[78],"between":[79],"mechanisms":[81],"specific":[84],"process":[85],"requirements":[86,166],"3DCP,":[88],"an":[89],"area":[90],"that":[91,104],"has":[92],"not":[93],"yet":[94],"been":[95],"fully":[96],"synthesized":[97],"literature.":[100],"analysis":[102],"indicates":[103],"bacteriogenic":[105],"calcite":[106],"precipitation":[107],"shows":[108],"strong":[109],"potential":[110],"field":[112],"applications,":[113],"while":[114],"hybrid":[115],"combined":[118],"with":[119,140],"embedded":[120],"smart":[121],"sensors":[122],"may":[123],"enable":[124],"adaptive,":[125],"self-monitoring":[126],"structures.":[127],"Nevertheless,":[128],"several":[129],"critical":[130],"remain,":[132],"including":[133],"rheological":[135],"compatibility":[136],"agents":[139],"printable":[141],"mixtures,":[142],"reliable":[143],"activation":[144],"under":[145],"realistic":[146],"service":[147],"conditions,":[148],"lack":[151],"standardized":[153],"testing":[154],"protocols.":[155],"Addressing":[156],"these":[157],"through":[159],"multidisciplinary":[160],"collaboration":[161],"could":[162],"significantly":[163],"reduce":[164],"maintenance":[165],"environmental":[169],"during":[171],"life-cycle":[173],"3D-printed":[175],"infrastructure.":[177],"\u2022":[178,187,197,205],"Evaluation":[179],"3D":[183],"Concrete":[184],"Printing":[185],"applications.":[186],"Challenges":[188],"rheology,":[190],"bonding,":[192],"print":[194],"integration":[195],"identified.":[196],"Hybrid":[198],"capsule-microbial":[199],"real-time":[202],"sensing":[203],"explored.":[204],"Future":[206],"durability":[209],"standards,":[210],"innovation,":[212]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T20:47:17.329874","created_date":"2026-03-15T00:00:00"}
