{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128906189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.145562","title":"Designing polypropylene fiber reinforcement for 3D concrete printing: Rheology control, thixotropic recovery and mechanical performance","display_name":"Designing polypropylene fiber reinforcement for 3D concrete printing: Rheology control, thixotropic recovery and mechanical performance","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128906189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.145562"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.145562","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.145562","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S29980478","display_name":"Construction and Building Materials","issn_l":"0950-0618","issn":["0950-0618","1879-0526"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Construction and Building Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.145562","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107647127","display_name":"Wen Si","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7057-3099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wen Si","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Critical Infrastructure, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland","Construct Innovate, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Critical Infrastructure, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Construct Innovate, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126011827","display_name":"Mehran Khan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mehran Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Critical Infrastructure, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland","Construct Innovate, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Critical Infrastructure, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Construct Innovate, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065027166","display_name":"Ciar\u00e1n McNally","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2159-2634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ciaran McNally","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Critical Infrastructure, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland","Construct Innovate, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Critical Infrastructure, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Construct Innovate, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065027166","https://openalex.org/A5107647127","https://openalex.org/A5126011827"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"],"apc_list":{"value":3780,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3780},"apc_paid":{"value":3780,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3780},"fwci":16.7945,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.981227,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"514","issue":null,"first_page":"145562","last_page":"145562"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10687","display_name":"Innovative concrete reinforcement materials","score":0.00989999994635582,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thixotropy","display_name":"Thixotropy","score":0.8198000192642212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheology","display_name":"Rheology","score":0.7390999794006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexural-strength","display_name":"Flexural strength","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polypropylene","display_name":"Polypropylene","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortar","display_name":"Mortar","score":0.6219000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strength","display_name":"Compressive strength","score":0.5353999733924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber","display_name":"Fiber","score":0.5232999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cementitious","display_name":"Cementitious","score":0.4422000050544739}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.9032999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.8338000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56918372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288903","display_name":"Thixotropy","level":2,"score":0.8198000192642212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200990466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271707","display_name":"Rheology","level":2,"score":0.7390999794006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178405089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857201","display_name":"Flexural strength","level":2,"score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777973245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146174","display_name":"Polypropylene","level":2,"score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130767629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7905205","display_name":"Mortar","level":2,"score":0.6219000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30407753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186191","display_name":"Compressive strength","level":2,"score":0.5353999733924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519885992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161","display_name":"Fiber","level":2,"score":0.5232999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779666059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cementitious","level":3,"score":0.4422000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.3391999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.3353999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87210426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072476","display_name":"Bending","level":2,"score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.3248000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127172972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128709","display_name":"Viscosity","level":2,"score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q928630","display_name":"Self-consolidating concrete","level":3,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779016933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397403","display_name":"Fiber-reinforced concrete","level":3,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523993062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cement","level":2,"score":0.25360000133514404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.145562","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.145562","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S29980478","display_name":"Construction and Building Materials","issn_l":"0950-0618","issn":["0950-0618","1879-0526"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Construction and Building Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.145562","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.145562","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S29980478","display_name":"Construction and Building Materials","issn_l":"0950-0618","issn":["0950-0618","1879-0526"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Construction and Building Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5066292490","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13/RC/2092_P2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320858","funder_display_name":"University College Dublin"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320847","display_name":"Science Foundation Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/0271asj38"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320858","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493155272","https://openalex.org/W1998139500","https://openalex.org/W2003006358","https://openalex.org/W2007651872","https://openalex.org/W2042580435","https://openalex.org/W2047273065","https://openalex.org/W2056290331","https://openalex.org/W2079579652","https://openalex.org/W2119022360","https://openalex.org/W2138024385","https://openalex.org/W2526355857","https://openalex.org/W2614324447","https://openalex.org/W2736408672","https://openalex.org/W2804724795","https://openalex.org/W2808508889","https://openalex.org/W2886568155","https://openalex.org/W2895360774","https://openalex.org/W2899749214","https://openalex.org/W2902994997","https://openalex.org/W2958255777","https://openalex.org/W2968817102","https://openalex.org/W2999156578","https://openalex.org/W3015981491","https://openalex.org/W3016495537","https://openalex.org/W3037292603","https://openalex.org/W3092974984","https://openalex.org/W3158863374","https://openalex.org/W3215476887","https://openalex.org/W4200515583","https://openalex.org/W4205660454","https://openalex.org/W4212853430","https://openalex.org/W4226067979","https://openalex.org/W4285489783","https://openalex.org/W4361296892","https://openalex.org/W4385604739","https://openalex.org/W4388570376","https://openalex.org/W4403991799","https://openalex.org/W4408357209","https://openalex.org/W4409174882","https://openalex.org/W4411100822","https://openalex.org/W4411204153","https://openalex.org/W4413217105","https://openalex.org/W4413329968","https://openalex.org/W4414448670","https://openalex.org/W7083314036","https://openalex.org/W7107866790"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"examines":[2],"the":[3,13,193,205,208,235],"influence":[4],"of":[5,18,125,178,207,237,251],"polypropylene":[6],"(PP)":[7],"fiber":[8,239,261],"length":[9],"and":[10,15,21,34,44,54,76,120,129,149,185,244,266,327],"dosage":[11,176,324],"on":[12],"rheological":[14],"mechanical":[16,245],"performance":[17],"cementitious":[19],"mortars":[20],"their":[22,169],"validation":[23],"in":[24,241],"3D":[25,202],"printed":[26],"concrete":[27],"(3DPC).":[28],"Mortars":[29],"reinforced":[30],"with":[31,62,89,98,192,226,295,313],"6":[32,80,109,158,182,210,264,286],"mm":[33,36,74,81,110,116,138,159,183,190,211,265,268,272,287],"12":[35,73,115,137,166,189,267,271],"PP":[37,238,260],"fibers":[38,75,91,111,117,139,160,184,273,288],"at":[39,146,154,168,222,262,282,309],"dosages":[40],"between":[41],"0.10":[42],"%":[43,46,71,78,95,101,128,145,152,167,180,187,259,281,291,321],"0.35":[45],"were":[47,107],"tested":[48],"for":[49,72,79,102,181,188,229,247,325],"yield":[50,64,84,276,292],"stress,":[51],"viscosity,":[52],"thixotropy":[53],"strength":[55,142,164,221,307],"development.":[56],"Fiber":[57],"addition":[58],"significantly":[59],"altered":[60],"rheology,":[61],"static":[63],"stress":[65,85,277,293],"increasing":[66],"by":[67,143,165,257,278],"up":[68],"to":[69],"101":[70],"22":[77],"fibers.":[82,104],"Dynamic":[83],"showed":[86],"similar":[87],"trends,":[88],"long":[90],"providing":[92,195],"over":[93,279],"60":[94,280],"enhancement":[96],"compared":[97,225,312],"approximately":[99],"20":[100,290],"short":[103],"Distinct":[105],"functions":[106],"identified:":[108],"accelerated":[112],"structuration,":[113],"while":[114],"improved":[118,162],"re-flocculation":[119],"viscosity":[121],"recovery,":[122],"reaching":[123],"developments":[124],"+":[126,130],"117":[127],"133":[131],"%.":[132],"Mechanical":[133],"tests":[134],"confirmed":[135,204,319],"that":[136],"enhanced":[140,256],"compressive":[141],"17":[144],"7":[147],"days":[148,224,311],"sustained":[150],"10":[151],"gains":[153],"28":[155,223,310],"days,":[156],"whereas":[157],"primarily":[161],"flexural":[163,220,306],"optimum":[170],"content.":[171],"Normalization":[172],"analysis":[173,318],"indicated":[174],"optimal":[175,283,323],"ranges":[177],"0.20\u20130.25":[179],"0.15\u20130.20":[186],"fibers,":[191],"latter":[194],"a":[196],"more":[197],"balanced":[198],"performance.":[199],"Validation":[200],"through":[201],"printing":[203],"effectiveness":[206],"optimized":[209],"mixture,":[212],"where":[213],"one-layer":[214],"Z-direction":[215,301],"specimens":[216,302],"achieving":[217,303],"6.6":[218],"MPa":[219,228],"2.7":[227],"cast":[230,314],"specimens.":[231,315],"These":[232],"results":[233],"highlight":[234],"importance":[236],"tailoring":[240],"balancing":[242],"printability":[243],"reliability":[246],"extrusion-based":[248],"additive":[249],"manufacturing":[250],"concrete.":[252],"\u2022":[253,270,285,299,316],"Rheological":[254],"properties":[255],"0.2":[258,320],"both":[263],"lengths.":[269],"increased":[274],"dynamic":[275],"dosage.":[284],"achieved":[289],"development":[294],"wider":[296],"processing":[297],"range.":[298],"One-layer":[300],"2.4":[304],"times":[305],"increase":[308],"Normalized":[317],"as":[322],"pumpability":[326],"buildability.":[328]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-22T08:38:42.863108","created_date":"2026-02-15T00:00:00"}