{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2061949188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0377-2217(97)00405-0","title":"A note on efficient solutions for the linear bilevel programming problem","display_name":"A note on efficient solutions for the linear bilevel programming problem","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2061949188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0377-2217(97)00405-0","mag":"2061949188"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0377-2217(97)00405-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0377-2217(97)00405-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103321696","display_name":"European Journal of Operational Research","issn_l":"0377-2217","issn":["0377-2217","1872-6860"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Operational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029528984","display_name":"Margareta Soismaa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1317774081","display_name":"International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis","ror":"https://ror.org/02wfhk785","country_code":"AT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317774081"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Margareta Soismaa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Helsinki School of Economics and Business Administration, P.O. Box 1210, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland","International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helsinki School of Economics and Business Administration, P.O. Box 1210, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317774081"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029528984"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317774081"],"apc_list":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9169,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84126202,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"112","issue":"2","first_page":"427","last_page":"431"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10991","display_name":"Game Theory and Voting Systems","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10991","display_name":"Game Theory and Voting Systems","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10545","display_name":"Optimization and Variational Analysis","score":0.9674000144004822,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilevel-optimization","display_name":"Bilevel optimization","score":0.8834646940231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.7547866702079773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bargaining-problem","display_name":"Bargaining problem","score":0.7204366326332092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pareto-principle","display_name":"Pareto principle","score":0.6908121109008789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5938761234283447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.532231867313385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-programming","display_name":"Linear programming","score":0.5192546844482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.5163553953170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pareto-optimal","display_name":"Pareto optimal","score":0.47302958369255066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pareto-efficiency","display_name":"Pareto efficiency","score":0.4416262209415436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solution-concept","display_name":"Solution concept","score":0.4245555102825165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nash-equilibrium","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","score":0.38005495071411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.3338490426540375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3211139440536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-objective-optimization","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","score":0.2903677821159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07363548874855042}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3309286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4907693","display_name":"Bilevel optimization","level":3,"score":0.8834646940231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.7547866702079773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90376892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1516247","display_name":"Bargaining problem","level":2,"score":0.7204366326332092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137635306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182667","display_name":"Pareto principle","level":2,"score":0.6908121109008789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5938761234283447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.532231867313385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.5192546844482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.5163553953170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986314615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36829","display_name":"Pareto optimal","level":3,"score":0.47302958369255066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778599509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36829","display_name":"Pareto efficiency","level":3,"score":0.4416262209415436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11343654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780008","display_name":"Solution concept","level":3,"score":0.4245555102825165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46814582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23389","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","level":2,"score":0.38005495071411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.3338490426540375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3211139440536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.2903677821159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07363548874855042}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0377-2217(97)00405-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0377-2217(97)00405-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103321696","display_name":"European Journal of Operational Research","issn_l":"0377-2217","issn":["0377-2217","1872-6860"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Operational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:ejores:v:112:y:1999:i:2:p:427-431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377-2217(97)00405-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.iiasa.ac.at:5690","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/5690/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401423","display_name":"IIASA PURE (International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1317774081","host_organization_name":"International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317774081"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327324","display_name":"International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis","ror":"https://ror.org/02wfhk785"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1593112609","https://openalex.org/W1612669784","https://openalex.org/W1989923016","https://openalex.org/W1994233348","https://openalex.org/W2001910686","https://openalex.org/W2008816206","https://openalex.org/W2017990047","https://openalex.org/W2029002433","https://openalex.org/W2036737894","https://openalex.org/W2165314018","https://openalex.org/W4252848749","https://openalex.org/W6657754005"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989923016","https://openalex.org/W2083367407","https://openalex.org/W2068554647","https://openalex.org/W2126352565","https://openalex.org/W1487312341","https://openalex.org/W2163922788","https://openalex.org/W2091545153","https://openalex.org/W2046533071","https://openalex.org/W1572664452","https://openalex.org/W2948149579"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}