{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2083816513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2005.01.020","title":"Hand tracking in a natural conversational environment by the interacting multiple model and probabilistic data association (IMM-PDA) algorithm","display_name":"Hand tracking in a natural conversational environment by the interacting multiple model and probabilistic data association (IMM-PDA) algorithm","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2083816513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2005.01.020","mag":"2083816513"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.patcog.2005.01.020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2005.01.020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102096991","display_name":"Shunguang Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19648265","display_name":"Wright State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qk6pt94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19648265"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shunguang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Wright State University , Dayton, OH 45435 , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Wright State University , Dayton, OH 45435 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19648265"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100410348","display_name":"Lang Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1015-5797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19648265","display_name":"Wright State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qk6pt94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19648265"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lang Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Wright State University , Dayton, OH 45435 , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Wright State University , Dayton, OH 45435 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19648265"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102096991"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19648265"],"apc_list":{"value":2710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2710},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.553,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83077979,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"11","first_page":"2143","last_page":"2158"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.725801408290863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.7243212461471558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6465513110160828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6294841766357422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6194382309913635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5940858721733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.569129467010498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-association","display_name":"Data association","score":0.5639223456382751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.4897620677947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.48669201135635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.48281630873680115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-model","display_name":"Statistical model","score":0.46787306666374207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.44903138279914856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acceleration","display_name":"Acceleration","score":0.44715002179145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4201662242412567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4129624366760254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3816997706890106}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.725801408290863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.7243212461471558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6465513110160828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6294841766357422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6194382309913635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5940858721733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.569129467010498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983325608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084606","display_name":"Data association","level":3,"score":0.5639223456382751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4897620677947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.48669201135635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.48281630873680115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.46787306666374207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.44903138279914856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.44715002179145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4201662242412567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4129624366760254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3816997706890106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.patcog.2005.01.020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2005.01.020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":87,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22745672","https://openalex.org/W70822988","https://openalex.org/W1483307070","https://openalex.org/W1490852207","https://openalex.org/W1533908285","https://openalex.org/W1542473920","https://openalex.org/W1565083249","https://openalex.org/W1663421356","https://openalex.org/W1846980027","https://openalex.org/W1879630692","https://openalex.org/W1907213793","https://openalex.org/W1935880689","https://openalex.org/W1948162158","https://openalex.org/W1967320926","https://openalex.org/W1968512012","https://openalex.org/W1969132943","https://openalex.org/W1971544888","https://openalex.org/W1973876344","https://openalex.org/W1979957032","https://openalex.org/W2005189542","https://openalex.org/W2024944786","https://openalex.org/W2035740370","https://openalex.org/W2043118895","https://openalex.org/W2047568295","https://openalex.org/W2058130919","https://openalex.org/W2090110089","https://openalex.org/W2099371695","https://openalex.org/W2100905386","https://openalex.org/W2103794323","https://openalex.org/W2103876808","https://openalex.org/W2104303480","https://openalex.org/W2104869344","https://openalex.org/W2105934661","https://openalex.org/W2110201232","https://openalex.org/W2113122905","https://openalex.org/W2113856781","https://openalex.org/W2117397690","https://openalex.org/W2118276639","https://openalex.org/W2118836531","https://openalex.org/W2120725061","https://openalex.org/W2121899951","https://openalex.org/W2121990344","https://openalex.org/W2123143822","https://openalex.org/W2124595358","https://openalex.org/W2129078811","https://openalex.org/W2130103520","https://openalex.org/W2139658271","https://openalex.org/W2140215175","https://openalex.org/W2140235142","https://openalex.org/W2140242774","https://openalex.org/W2140793580","https://openalex.org/W2144689128","https://openalex.org/W2152620854","https://openalex.org/W2154823037","https://openalex.org/W2155351433","https://openalex.org/W2161406034","https://openalex.org/W2164211741","https://openalex.org/W2164466702","https://openalex.org/W2165409253","https://openalex.org/W2166954095","https://openalex.org/W2170805580","https://openalex.org/W2228234212","https://openalex.org/W2295163301","https://openalex.org/W2537134711","https://openalex.org/W2571050459","https://openalex.org/W2623012778","https://openalex.org/W3177525997","https://openalex.org/W3187867541","https://openalex.org/W4234552385","https://openalex.org/W4248276081","https://openalex.org/W4249289945","https://openalex.org/W4254369203","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6601211009","https://openalex.org/W6634701900","https://openalex.org/W6639752303","https://openalex.org/W6640211071","https://openalex.org/W6642531759","https://openalex.org/W6642635768","https://openalex.org/W6642981808","https://openalex.org/W6677792396","https://openalex.org/W6678672906","https://openalex.org/W6679388247","https://openalex.org/W6683976307","https://openalex.org/W6684351427","https://openalex.org/W6684542545","https://openalex.org/W6728621294"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967545332","https://openalex.org/W2139793004","https://openalex.org/W2097396029","https://openalex.org/W2172267623","https://openalex.org/W1513162701","https://openalex.org/W1843307665","https://openalex.org/W4297796009","https://openalex.org/W2005337052","https://openalex.org/W2371669888","https://openalex.org/W2371325201"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
