{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7119990181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2026.132670","title":"A survey on adversarial machine learning: Attacks, defenses, real-world applications, and future research directions","display_name":"A survey on adversarial machine learning: Attacks, defenses, real-world applications, and future research directions","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7119990181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2026.132670"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2026.132670","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2026.132670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45693802","display_name":"Neurocomputing","issn_l":"0925-2312","issn":["0925-2312","1872-8286"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurocomputing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122521412","display_name":"Yan Qiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","display_name":"University of North Texas","ror":"https://ror.org/00v97ad02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9996-0523","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122496274","display_name":"Nimitha Bangalore Sathyanarayana","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","display_name":"University of North Texas","ror":"https://ror.org/00v97ad02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nimitha Bangalore Sathyanarayana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024588206","display_name":"Chaowei Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0024-1096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","display_name":"University of North Texas","ror":"https://ror.org/00v97ad02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaowei Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122412554","display_name":"Zefeng He","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","display_name":"University of North Texas","ror":"https://ror.org/00v97ad02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zefeng He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5837-6376","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100453448","display_name":"Tao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9744-107X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","display_name":"University of North Texas","ror":"https://ror.org/00v97ad02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102965694","display_name":"Tao Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3775-6170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","display_name":"University of North Texas","ror":"https://ror.org/00v97ad02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tao Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3775-6170","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102965694"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"],"apc_list":{"value":2670,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2670},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9929,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93457001,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"671","issue":null,"first_page":"132670","last_page":"132670"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.9387000203132629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backdoor","display_name":"Backdoor","score":0.886900007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-machine-learning","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","score":0.8077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.5708000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4853000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.4672999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-privacy","display_name":"Differential privacy","score":0.4415999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/threat-model","display_name":"Threat model","score":0.3668999969959259}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.9387000203132629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781045450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254569","display_name":"Backdoor","level":2,"score":0.886900007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778403875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20312394","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","level":3,"score":0.8077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7508999705314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5708000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4853000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4672999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.44859999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23130292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275358","display_name":"Differential privacy","level":2,"score":0.4415999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4287000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140547941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7797194","display_name":"Threat model","level":2,"score":0.3668999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86844869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798820","display_name":"Hacker","level":2,"score":0.32519999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778464652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309849","display_name":"Open research","level":2,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65856478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3991682","display_name":"Attack model","level":2,"score":0.311599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780264999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445032","display_name":"Security domain","level":2,"score":0.2531999945640564}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2026.132670","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2026.132670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45693802","display_name":"Neurocomputing","issn_l":"0925-2312","issn":["0925-2312","1872-8286"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurocomputing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5094879865646362,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8797401345","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-24-1-0088","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038651258","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2125908420","https://openalex.org/W2765424254","https://openalex.org/W2907492528","https://openalex.org/W2924551358","https://openalex.org/W2952433728","https://openalex.org/W2995022099","https://openalex.org/W4247200422","https://openalex.org/W4365420523","https://openalex.org/W4383751383","https://openalex.org/W4389747887","https://openalex.org/W4393241289","https://openalex.org/W4402124559","https://openalex.org/W4403899408","https://openalex.org/W4405183220","https://openalex.org/W4410748107"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-24T07:32:12.397491","created_date":"2026-01-10T00:00:00"}
