{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7135201320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.111562","title":"You only look at triggers: spatiotemporal behavioral proposal generation for group-housed pig interactions","display_name":"You only look at triggers: spatiotemporal behavioral proposal generation for group-housed pig interactions","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7135201320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.111562"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compag.2026.111562","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.111562","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116775814","display_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","issn_l":"0168-1699","issn":["0168-1699","1872-7107"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.111562","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129040451","display_name":"Dong Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosystems, Division M3-BIORES: Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosystems, Division M3-BIORES: Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006805628","display_name":"Andrea Parmiggiani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8167-3116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Parmiggiani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosystems, Division M3-BIORES: Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosystems, Division M3-BIORES: Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128737675","display_name":"Mona Lilian Vestbjerg Larsen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204337017","display_name":"Aarhus University","ror":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mona Lilian Vestbjerg Larsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, Blichers All\u00e9 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, Blichers All\u00e9 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129054752","display_name":"Keelin O\u2019Driscoll","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141766778","display_name":"Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/03sx84n71","country_code":"IE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141766778"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keelin O\u2019Driscoll","raw_affiliation_strings":["Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research & Innovation Centre, Pig and Poultry Development Department, Fermoy, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research & Innovation Centre, Pig and Poultry Development Department, Fermoy, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141766778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069494583","display_name":"Guilherme Amorim Franchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7653-6512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204337017","display_name":"Aarhus University","ror":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guilherme Amorim Franchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, Blichers All\u00e9 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, Blichers All\u00e9 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120328682","display_name":"Tomas Norton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tomas Norton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosystems, Division M3-BIORES: Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosystems, Division M3-BIORES: Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5120328682","https://openalex.org/A5129040451"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":{"value":3680,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3680},"apc_paid":{"value":3680,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3680},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24191735,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"246","issue":null,"first_page":"111562","last_page":"111562"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.8468000292778015,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.8468000292778015,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10699","display_name":"Primate Behavior and Ecology","score":0.03880000114440918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11214","display_name":"Human-Animal Interaction Studies","score":0.03280000016093254,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-analysis","display_name":"Behavioral analysis","score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-behavior","display_name":"Animal behavior","score":0.2732999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.27320000529289246}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5238000154495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48739999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989277270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168338","display_name":"Behavioral analysis","level":2,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988419192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7155","display_name":"Animal behavior","level":2,"score":0.2732999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.260699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.23919999599456787}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compag.2026.111562","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.111562","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116775814","display_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","issn_l":"0168-1699","issn":["0168-1699","1872-7107"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/c4f33fb7-bb1e-4ade-b1f3-cec9c452a68e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/c4f33fb7-bb1e-4ade-b1f3-cec9c452a68e","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Liu, D, Parmiggiani, A, Vestbjerg Larsen, M L, O'Driscoll, K, Franchi, G A & Norton, T 2026, 'You only look at triggers : spatiotemporal behavioral proposal generation for group-housed pig interactions', Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, vol. 246, 111562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.111562","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/784728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/20.500.12942/784728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computers And Electronics In Agriculture, vol. 246, Art.No. ARTN 111562","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compag.2026.111562","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.111562","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116775814","display_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","issn_l":"0168-1699","issn":["0168-1699","1872-7107"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5909045934677124,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/03qtxy027"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332299","display_name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/05qx3fv49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981074550","https://openalex.org/W2074197300","https://openalex.org/W2105300866","https://openalex.org/W2301296034","https://openalex.org/W2972615928","https://openalex.org/W2980030724","https://openalex.org/W2981099980","https://openalex.org/W3028219679","https://openalex.org/W3042132036","https://openalex.org/W3043977637","https://openalex.org/W3176683319","https://openalex.org/W3202003978","https://openalex.org/W4220717613","https://openalex.org/W4315498127","https://openalex.org/W4316467824","https://openalex.org/W4366005308","https://openalex.org/W4385011829","https://openalex.org/W4385438187","https://openalex.org/W4400613986","https://openalex.org/W4401205435","https://openalex.org/W4408540583","https://openalex.org/W4409340900","https://openalex.org/W4410740802","https://openalex.org/W4410878775"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u2022":[0,10,19,28],"Introduces":[1],"new":[2],"metrics":[3],"for":[4,33,46,115,176,243],"transparent":[5],"benchmarking":[6],"of":[7,23,51,78,191],"proposal":[8,17,118],"efficiency.":[9],"Trigger-based":[11],"framework":[12,200],"reduces":[13],"redundancy":[14],"in":[15,41,86,98,165],"behaviour":[16,36],"generation.":[18],"Enables":[20],"robust":[21],"detection":[22,163],"multi-class":[24,34],"concurrent":[25],"pig":[26],"interactions.":[27,219],"Provides":[29],"the":[30,47,140],"PigInteraction":[31],"dataset":[32,230,248],"social":[35,39],"analysis.":[37,246],"Understanding":[38],"interactions":[40],"group-housed":[42],"pigs":[43],"is":[44,63,249],"critical":[45],"understanding":[48],"and":[49,56,68,74,96,101,143,154,161,205,215,239],"improvement":[50],"animal":[52,168,212,214,216],"welfare,":[53],"health":[54],"monitoring,":[55],"advancing":[57],"precision":[58],"livestock":[59],"farming.":[60],"Computer":[61],"vision":[62],"emerging":[64],"as":[65],"an":[66],"objective":[67],"accurate":[69],"manner":[70],"to":[71,213,217],"detect,":[72],"classify":[73],"quantify":[75],"important":[76],"behaviors":[77,179],"farm":[79,194],"animals.":[80],"However,":[81],"a":[82,112,226],"major":[83],"challenge":[84],"lies":[85],"accurately":[87],"recognizing":[88],"multiple":[89],"behavior":[90,133,245],"categories":[91],"that":[92,209],"often":[93],"occur":[94],"concurrently":[95],"overlap":[97],"both":[99,211],"space":[100],"time":[102],"within":[103],"untrimmed":[104],"video":[105],"data.":[106],"To":[107],"address":[108],"this,":[109],"we":[110,223],"propose":[111],"trigger-based":[113],"approach":[114,158],"spatiotemporal":[116,183],"behavioral":[117],"generation,":[119],"which":[120,236],"achieves":[121,173],"100%":[122,174],"recall":[123,175],"while":[124,180],"significantly":[125],"reducing":[126,181],"redundant":[127,182],"background":[128],"proposals":[129,184],"across":[130],"five":[131,177],"key":[132],"types:":[134],"fighting,":[135],"tail":[136],"biting,":[137],"displacement":[138],"at":[139],"feeder,":[141],"feeder-visiting,":[142],"drinker-visiting.":[144],"Combining":[145],"evolutionary":[146],"parameter":[147],"optimization":[148],"with":[149,231],"posture":[150],"recognition,":[151],"keypoint":[152],"detection,":[153],"spatial":[155],"constraints,":[156],"our":[157],"enables":[159],"efficient":[160,189],"scalable":[162],"even":[164],"densely":[166],"populated":[167],"housing":[169],"environments.":[170],"This":[171],"method":[172],"welfare-relevant":[178],"by":[185],"\u223c":[186],"10\u00d7,":[187],"enabling":[188],"analysis":[190],"long,":[192],"dense":[193],"recordings.":[195],"A":[196],"unified,":[197],"modular":[198],"trigger":[199],"built":[201],"over":[202],"standard":[203],"key-points":[204],"rotated":[206],"bounding":[207],"box":[208],"support":[210],"object":[218],"Using":[220],"this":[221],"approach,":[222],"also":[224],"constructed":[225],"publicly":[227],"available":[228],"benchmark":[229],"efficiency":[232],"metrics,":[233],"called":[234],"PigInteraction,":[235],"features":[237],"diverse":[238],"well-annotated":[240],"interaction":[241],"samples":[242],"downstream":[244],"The":[247],"accessible":[250],"at:":[251],"https://gitlab.kuleuven.be/m3-biores/public/m3pig":[252],".":[253]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2026-03-14T00:00:00"}
