{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7115181276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.111337","title":"A semi-supervised approach for classifying insect developmental phases from repurposed IP102","display_name":"A semi-supervised approach for classifying insect developmental phases from repurposed IP102","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7115181276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.111337"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compag.2025.111337","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.111337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116775814","display_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","issn_l":"0168-1699","issn":["0168-1699","1872-7107"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.111337","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Fatin Faiaz Ahsan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9569-3207"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176790772","display_name":"Murdoch University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r4sry34","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatin Faiaz Ahsan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, WA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9569-3207","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Melissa L. Thomas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176790772","display_name":"Murdoch University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r4sry34","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melissa L. Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, WA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hamid Laga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4758-7510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176790772","display_name":"Murdoch University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r4sry34","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Laga","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, WA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4758-7510","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ferdous Sohel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-4907"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176790772","display_name":"Murdoch University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r4sry34","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ferdous Sohel","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, WA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-4907","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"],"apc_list":{"value":3680,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3680},"apc_paid":{"value":3680,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3680},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72287753,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"242","issue":null,"first_page":"111337","last_page":"111337"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.6233999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.6233999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.0658000037074089,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12874","display_name":"Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases","score":0.02329999953508377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.6577000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.6500999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.6317999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.5167999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.42829999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.39559999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-and-recall","display_name":"Precision and recall","score":0.3564000129699707}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6577000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.6500999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6330999732017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.6317999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6061999797821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.567300021648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.5167999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.42829999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.39559999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.3564000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.34790000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994141551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5333460","display_name":"Insect pest","level":2,"score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777612826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1390","display_name":"Insect","level":2,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77967617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677561","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70136482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13583781","display_name":"A-weighting","level":3,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.2526000142097473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compag.2025.111337","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.111337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116775814","display_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","issn_l":"0168-1699","issn":["0168-1699","1872-7107"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.compag.2025.111337","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.111337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116775814","display_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","issn_l":"0168-1699","issn":["0168-1699","1872-7107"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550852358341217,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320989","display_name":"Murdoch University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r4sry34"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1791936228","https://openalex.org/W1941659294","https://openalex.org/W2000147559","https://openalex.org/W2009439863","https://openalex.org/W2057106128","https://openalex.org/W2118978333","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2285671993","https://openalex.org/W2753047523","https://openalex.org/W2765147099","https://openalex.org/W2767106145","https://openalex.org/W2799694292","https://openalex.org/W2899714429","https://openalex.org/W2910634864","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2964050365","https://openalex.org/W2964159205","https://openalex.org/W3014678793","https://openalex.org/W3042482584","https://openalex.org/W3054787308","https://openalex.org/W3169014241","https://openalex.org/W4221050198","https://openalex.org/W4285147157","https://openalex.org/W4288457444","https://openalex.org/W4306938347","https://openalex.org/W4307425007","https://openalex.org/W4391707499","https://openalex.org/W4401589890","https://openalex.org/W4405179402","https://openalex.org/W4408287909","https://openalex.org/W4410890512"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Identifying":[0],"insect":[1,41,145,159,226],"pests,":[2],"whether":[3],"as":[4,44],"adults,":[5],"larvae,":[6],"or":[7],"eggs,":[8],"is":[9,64,259],"critical":[10],"in":[11,21,57,112,179,237],"pest":[12,42],"management.":[13],"Computational":[14],"learning":[15,77,222],"algorithms":[16],"have":[17],"demonstrated":[18],"strong":[19],"potential":[20],"achieving":[22,175],"high":[23],"identification":[24],"performance,":[25],"but":[26],"these":[27],"methods":[28],"typically":[29],"require":[30],"large,":[31],"balanced,":[32],"and":[33,67,92,114,148,161,228],"well-annotated":[34],"datasets.":[35,59],"This":[36],"creates":[37],"a":[38,75,103,137,149,176,238],"challenge":[39],"for":[40,108,181,224],"identification,":[43],"rare":[45],"species,":[46],"despite":[47],"often":[48],"being":[49],"the":[50,83,127,154,170,182,188,197,211,216],"most":[51],"damaging":[52],"to":[53,95,126,191,250],"crops,":[54],"are":[55],"underrepresented":[56],"available":[58],"Moreover,":[60],"annotating":[61],"large-scale":[62],"datasets":[63],"both":[65],"costly":[66],"labour-intensive.":[68],"To":[69],"address":[70],"this":[71],"issue,":[72],"we":[73,101],"develop":[74],"semi-supervised":[76,221],"approach,":[78],"Cost-Focal":[79],"FixMatch,":[80],"which":[81,141],"extends":[82],"widely":[84],"used":[85],"FixMatch":[86,190,213],"framework":[87],"by":[88,265],"integrating":[89],"class-aware":[90],"reweighting":[91],"focal":[93,115],"loss":[94,116],"better":[96,130,206,235],"handle":[97],"class":[98,110,155,184,244],"imbalance.":[99],"Specifically,":[100],"introduce":[102],"simple":[104],"yet":[105],"robust":[106],"method":[107,120,167,246],"applying":[109],"weighting":[111,245],"cross-entropy":[113],"functions.":[117],"The":[118],"proposed":[119,249],"generates":[121],"higher-quality":[122],"pseudo":[123],"labels":[124,156],"compared":[125],"baseline,":[128,263],"ensuring":[129],"learning.":[131],"We":[132],"evaluate":[133],"our":[134,201],"approach":[135,202],"using":[136,193],"repurposed":[138],"IP102":[139,151,199],"dataset,":[140,152,200],"comprises":[142],"four":[143],"primary":[144],"life":[146,164,229],"stages,":[147],"mixed":[150],"where":[153],"jointly":[157],"represent":[158],"species":[160,227],"their":[162],"corresponding":[163],"stages.":[165,230],"Our":[166],"considerably":[168],"improves":[169],"classification":[171,258],"of":[172],"minority":[173,252],"classes,":[174],"notable":[177],"increase":[178],"recall":[180,209],"Larva":[183],"from":[185],"64%":[186],"under":[187],"baseline":[189,212],"82%":[192],"MobileNetV3Small":[194],"backbone.":[195,266],"On":[196],"Mixed":[198],"achieves":[203],"almost":[204],"9%":[205],"improved":[207],"average":[208],"than":[210,262],"built":[214],"upon":[215],"EfficientNetV2S":[217],"network.":[218],"\u2022":[219,231,241,254],"A":[220,242],"pipeline":[223],"identifying":[225],"Focal":[232],"Loss":[233],"ensures":[234],"training":[236],"class-imbalance":[239],"scenario.":[240],"unified":[243],"has":[247],"been":[248],"prioritise":[251],"classes.":[253],"Recall":[255],"on":[256],"larva":[257],"8%\u201318%":[260],"higher":[261],"varying":[264]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-22T13:39:03.778224","created_date":"2025-12-15T00:00:00"}
