{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392563885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2024.111474","title":"Reinforcement learning based bilevel real-time pricing strategy for a smart grid with distributed energy resources","display_name":"Reinforcement learning based bilevel real-time pricing strategy for a smart grid with distributed energy resources","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392563885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2024.111474"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.asoc.2024.111474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2024.111474","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140556538","display_name":"Applied Soft Computing","issn_l":"1568-4946","issn":["1568-4946","1872-9681"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101497159","display_name":"Jingqi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6805-4222"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingqi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046420979","display_name":"Yan Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7738-8566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100442491","display_name":"Renjie Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1714-9939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renjie Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046420979"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"],"apc_list":{"value":3350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3350},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.4612,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97800303,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"155","issue":null,"first_page":"111474","last_page":"111474"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7994727492332458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilevel-optimization","display_name":"Bilevel optimization","score":0.776599645614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.7415186762809753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-response","display_name":"Demand response","score":0.6017507910728455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.5919952988624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.558291494846344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.51570063829422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.5121402740478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-pricing","display_name":"Dynamic pricing","score":0.4980013370513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.48997893929481506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profit","display_name":"Profit (economics)","score":0.462182879447937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.4354623556137085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4134688377380371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3518691658973694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.33185940980911255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.3244786858558655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.24224501848220825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10612347722053528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.09676554799079895}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7994727492332458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3309286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4907693","display_name":"Bilevel optimization","level":3,"score":0.776599645614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.7415186762809753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Demand response","level":3,"score":0.6017507910728455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.5919952988624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.558291494846344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.51570063829422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.5121402740478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779391423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17009728","display_name":"Dynamic pricing","level":2,"score":0.4980013370513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.48997893929481506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.462182879447937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.4354623556137085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4134688377380371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3518691658973694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.33185940980911255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.3244786858558655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.24224501848220825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10612347722053528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.09676554799079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.asoc.2024.111474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2024.111474","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140556538","display_name":"Applied Soft Computing","issn_l":"1568-4946","issn":["1568-4946","1872-9681"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2686274608","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11171221","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7210003040","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72071130","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41554520","https://openalex.org/W2050495423","https://openalex.org/W2074375132","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2335865153","https://openalex.org/W2795276745","https://openalex.org/W2797547722","https://openalex.org/W2888084393","https://openalex.org/W2900096785","https://openalex.org/W2901645090","https://openalex.org/W2903441607","https://openalex.org/W2930844476","https://openalex.org/W2940740707","https://openalex.org/W2943031287","https://openalex.org/W2945838251","https://openalex.org/W2963723202","https://openalex.org/W2969239296","https://openalex.org/W2989127100","https://openalex.org/W2998044786","https://openalex.org/W3007687131","https://openalex.org/W3011862914","https://openalex.org/W3039489389","https://openalex.org/W3040120612","https://openalex.org/W3047193265","https://openalex.org/W3049476145","https://openalex.org/W3086463216","https://openalex.org/W3091760249","https://openalex.org/W3100279071","https://openalex.org/W3108288031","https://openalex.org/W3113851289","https://openalex.org/W3118877686","https://openalex.org/W3124043293","https://openalex.org/W3132052292","https://openalex.org/W3134738892","https://openalex.org/W3136641484","https://openalex.org/W3158234035","https://openalex.org/W3177041811","https://openalex.org/W3183880600","https://openalex.org/W3194824107","https://openalex.org/W3195386059","https://openalex.org/W3196937610","https://openalex.org/W3202758697","https://openalex.org/W3207361250","https://openalex.org/W3210550297","https://openalex.org/W3215351807","https://openalex.org/W3217174239","https://openalex.org/W4200598305","https://openalex.org/W4205780855","https://openalex.org/W4213269798","https://openalex.org/W4224294527","https://openalex.org/W4226066269","https://openalex.org/W4226269449","https://openalex.org/W4245924934","https://openalex.org/W4280589197","https://openalex.org/W4283815218","https://openalex.org/W4285272626","https://openalex.org/W4285294440","https://openalex.org/W4289745848","https://openalex.org/W4289838602","https://openalex.org/W4293255096","https://openalex.org/W4310723024","https://openalex.org/W4310760335","https://openalex.org/W4313525661","https://openalex.org/W4317521089","https://openalex.org/W6756470665","https://openalex.org/W6791447335","https://openalex.org/W6801210262","https://openalex.org/W6840282116","https://openalex.org/W6847312435","https://openalex.org/W6848791817"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2946986200","https://openalex.org/W2057315382","https://openalex.org/W3014066038","https://openalex.org/W2741786689","https://openalex.org/W1970407448","https://openalex.org/W2523903522","https://openalex.org/W3210550297","https://openalex.org/W1982846429","https://openalex.org/W2990774777","https://openalex.org/W2078645947"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-05-07T13:39:58.223016","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
