{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7119537315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2025.100663","title":"Ladderpath: An efficient algorithm for revealing nested hierarchy in sequences","display_name":"Ladderpath: An efficient algorithm for revealing nested hierarchy in sequences","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7119537315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2025.100663"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.array.2025.100663","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2025.100663","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194039","display_name":"Array","issn_l":"2590-0056","issn":["2590-0056"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Array","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2025.100663","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122354308","display_name":"Jingwen Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingwen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","International Academic Center of Complex Systems, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Academic Center of Complex Systems, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122328303","display_name":"Xiao Xie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","International Academic Center of Complex Systems, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Academic Center of Complex Systems, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122396425","display_name":"Xiaodong Deng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodong Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Human\u2013Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence, National Engineering Research Center for Visual Information and Applications, and Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Human\u2013Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence, National Engineering Research Center for Visual Information and Applications, and Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122348348","display_name":"Jing Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","International Academic Center of Complex Systems, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Academic Center of Complex Systems, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiaojun Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojun Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","International Academic Center of Complex Systems, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Academic Center of Complex Systems, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122401119","display_name":"Yiping Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052986170","display_name":"Hu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5528-8721"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","International Academic Center of Complex Systems, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Academic Center of Complex Systems, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122360075","display_name":"Fengyao Zhai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengyao Zhai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","International Academic Center of Complex Systems, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Academic Center of Complex Systems, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2640-6490"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","International Academic Center of Complex Systems, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2640-6490","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Academic Center of Complex Systems, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"],"apc_list":{"value":1350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1350},"apc_paid":{"value":1350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1350},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07600498,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":null,"first_page":"100663","last_page":"100663"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.2614000141620636,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.2614000141620636,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.1678999960422516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.11490000039339066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substring","display_name":"Substring","score":0.6341999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-algorithm","display_name":"Efficient algorithm","score":0.5076000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.4945000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reuse","display_name":"Reuse","score":0.45579999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/json","display_name":"JSON","score":0.43529999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-structure","display_name":"Data structure","score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.3986999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.37549999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nesting","display_name":"Nesting (process)","score":0.375}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.6593000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6575000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182407805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2626534","display_name":"Substring","level":3,"score":0.6341999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018263672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1296251","display_name":"Efficient algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5076000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.4945000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.45579999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780416260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2063","display_name":"JSON","level":2,"score":0.43529999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3986999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.37549999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776937656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2229669","display_name":"Nesting (process)","level":2,"score":0.375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3725999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156340839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2704791","display_name":"Enumeration","level":2,"score":0.3725999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.35010001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.34209999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.3206000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120098539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141001","display_name":"Longest common subsequence problem","level":2,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1306188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4060687","display_name":"Nested loop join","level":2,"score":0.28790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.28619998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13355873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920850","display_name":"Connection (principal bundle)","level":2,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.26080000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.array.2025.100663","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2025.100663","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194039","display_name":"Array","issn_l":"2590-0056","issn":["2590-0056"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Array","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:42492c0628eb472080263d87c39b0973","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/42492c0628eb472080263d87c39b0973","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Array, Vol 29, Iss , Pp 100663- (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.array.2025.100663","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2025.100663","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194039","display_name":"Array","issn_l":"2590-0056","issn":["2590-0056"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Array","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1205878386","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2025A1515012923","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G626528899","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12205012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321432","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003110736","https://openalex.org/W2020311636","https://openalex.org/W2093647425","https://openalex.org/W2105686649","https://openalex.org/W2107745473","https://openalex.org/W2110485445","https://openalex.org/W2117823388","https://openalex.org/W2128859735","https://openalex.org/W2152263452","https://openalex.org/W2166064672","https://openalex.org/W2295278941","https://openalex.org/W2602771387","https://openalex.org/W2765756720","https://openalex.org/W2903638214","https://openalex.org/W2963123289","https://openalex.org/W2963916141","https://openalex.org/W3163266962","https://openalex.org/W4220839792","https://openalex.org/W4240302460","https://openalex.org/W4290741980","https://openalex.org/W4399104719","https://openalex.org/W4403037366","https://openalex.org/W4403828761"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ladderpath,":[0],"rooted":[1],"in":[2,12,45,145],"Algorithmic":[3],"Information":[4],"Theory":[5],"(AIT),":[6],"uncovers":[7],"nested":[8],"and":[9,48,77,79,94,112,141],"hierarchical":[10],"structures":[11],"symbolic":[13,110],"sequences":[14],"through":[15],"minimal":[16],"compositional":[17,75,142],"reconstruction.":[18],"It":[19],"approximates":[20],"Kolmogorov":[21],"complexity":[22,140],"by":[23,41],"identifying":[24],"reusable":[25],"subsequences":[26],"that":[27,73],"enable":[28],"efficient":[29],"reconstruction":[30],"of":[31,63,65,83,120,131],"complex":[32],"sequences.":[33],"The":[34],"proposed":[35],"algorithm":[36],"improves":[37],"upon":[38],"earlier":[39],"implementations":[40],"introducing":[42],"key":[43],"optimizations":[44],"substring":[46],"enumeration":[47],"reuse":[49],"filtering,":[50],"allowing":[51],"it":[52],"to":[53,55,134],"scale":[54],"sequence":[56],"systems":[57],"with":[58],"tens":[59],"or":[60],"even":[61],"hundreds":[62],"millions":[64],"characters.":[66],"Ladderpath":[67,122],"produces":[68],"a":[69,81,117,135],"standardized":[70],"JSON":[71],"format":[72],"encodes":[74],"dependencies":[76],"hierarchies,":[78],"supports":[80],"variety":[82],"downstream":[84],"tasks,":[85],"including":[86],"compression,":[87],"shared":[88],"motif":[89],"extraction,":[90],"cross-sequence":[91],"similarity":[92],"analysis,":[93],"structural":[95,125],"visualization.":[96],"Its":[97],"domain-agnostic":[98],"design":[99],"enables":[100],"broad":[101],"applicability":[102],"across":[103],"areas":[104],"such":[105],"as":[106],"genomics,":[107],"natural":[108],"language,":[109],"computation,":[111],"program":[113],"analysis.":[114],"Beyond":[115],"providing":[116],"practical":[118],"approximation":[119],"complexity,":[121],"also":[123],"offers":[124],"insight":[126],"into":[127],"the":[128],"modular":[129],"grammar":[130],"sequences,":[132],"pointing":[133],"deeper":[136],"connection":[137],"between":[138],"algorithmic":[139],"hierarchies":[143],"observed":[144],"real-world":[146],"data.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-14T00:41:55.809242","created_date":"2026-01-09T00:00:00"}
