{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2072846173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1672-0229(08)60032-7","title":"Role of Positive Selection Pressure on the Evolution of H5N1 Hemagglutinin","display_name":"Role of Positive Selection Pressure on the Evolution of H5N1 Hemagglutinin","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2072846173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1672-0229(08)60032-7","mag":"2072846173","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19591791"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1672-0229(08)60032-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1672-0229(08)60032-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155547894","display_name":"Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1672-0229","issn":["1672-0229","2210-3244"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genomics, Proteomics &amp; Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1672-0229(08)60032-7","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026851154","display_name":"Venkata R. Duvvuri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7356-338X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192455969","display_name":"York University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fq50484","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Venkata R.S.K. Duvvuri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Disease Modeling, York Institute of Health Research, York University , Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3 , Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Disease Modeling, York Institute of Health Research, York University , Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3 , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015946949","display_name":"Bhargavi Duvvuri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8717-0584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192455969","display_name":"York University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fq50484","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhargavi Duvvuri","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University , Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3 , Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University , Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3 , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111526395","display_name":"Wilfred R. Cuff","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177235860","display_name":"Public Health Agency of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/023xf2a37","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288894424","https://openalex.org/I177235860"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wilfred R. Cuff","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada , Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3R2 , Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada , Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3R2 , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177235860"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111387317","display_name":"Gillian E. Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192455969","display_name":"York University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fq50484","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gillian E. Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University , Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3 , Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University , Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3 , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jianhong Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192455969","display_name":"York University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fq50484","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhong Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Disease Modeling, York Institute of Health Research, York University , Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3 , Canada","Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University , Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3 , Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Disease Modeling, York Institute of Health Research, York University , Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3 , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University , Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3 , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026851154"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"fwci":3.2404,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92014306,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1-2","first_page":"47","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10167","display_name":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10167","display_name":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12576","display_name":"vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11668","display_name":"interferon and immune responses","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemagglutinin","display_name":"Hemagglutinin (influenza)","score":0.854657769203186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phylogenetic-tree","display_name":"Phylogenetic tree","score":0.7409162521362305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/influenza-a-virus-subtype-h5n1","display_name":"Influenza A virus subtype H5N1","score":0.7143871784210205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.7069730162620544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antigenic-drift","display_name":"Antigenic drift","score":0.6352878212928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus","display_name":"Virus","score":0.5737738013267517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virology","display_name":"Virology","score":0.5615818500518799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-selection","display_name":"Positive selection","score":0.5509119629859924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epitope","display_name":"Epitope","score":0.5489721894264221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.5199012160301208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host","display_name":"Host (biology)","score":0.500633955001831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antigenic-shift","display_name":"Antigenic shift","score":0.45885661244392395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/influenza-a-virus","display_name":"Influenza A virus","score":0.4498729109764099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycoprotein","display_name":"Glycoprotein","score":0.43613511323928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antigenic-variation","display_name":"Antigenic variation","score":0.42936068773269653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-biology","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","score":0.35992157459259033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.33432453870773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antigen","display_name":"Antigen","score":0.2831754982471466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.26981404423713684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778692840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9136673","display_name":"Hemagglutinin (influenza)","level":3,"score":0.854657769203186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193252679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242125","display_name":"Phylogenetic tree","level":3,"score":0.7409162521362305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519248777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160122","display_name":"Influenza A virus subtype H5N1","level":3,"score":0.7143871784210205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7069730162620544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7842527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575258","display_name":"Antigenic drift","level":4,"score":0.6352878212928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.5737738013267517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.5615818500518799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986302931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764759","display_name":"Positive selection","level":3,"score":0.5509119629859924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195616568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128711","display_name":"Epitope","level":3,"score":0.5489721894264221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5199012160301208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126831891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221673","display_name":"Host (biology)","level":2,"score":0.500633955001831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86282344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575314","display_name":"Antigenic shift","level":5,"score":0.45885661244392395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777546802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q834390","display_name":"Influenza A virus","level":3,"score":0.4498729109764099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108625454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187126","display_name":"Glycoprotein","level":2,"score":0.43613511323928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191942190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4774739","display_name":"Antigenic variation","level":3,"score":0.42936068773269653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.35992157459259033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.33432453870773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.2831754982471466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.26981404423713684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000595","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000595","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000595","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000939","descriptor_name":"Epitopes","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000939","descriptor_name":"Epitopes","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000939","descriptor_name":"Epitopes","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000939","descriptor_name":"Epitopes","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000939","descriptor_name":"Epitopes","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000939","descriptor_name":"Epitopes","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006388","descriptor_name":"Hemagglutinins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006388","descriptor_name":"Hemagglutinins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006388","descriptor_name":"Hemagglutinins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006388","descriptor_name":"Hemagglutinins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006388","descriptor_name":"Hemagglutinins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006388","descriptor_name":"Hemagglutinins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010802","descriptor_name":"Phylogeny","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010802","descriptor_name":"Phylogeny","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010802","descriptor_name":"Phylogeny","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014764","descriptor_name":"Viral Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014764","descriptor_name":"Viral Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014764","descriptor_name":"Viral Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014764","descriptor_name":"Viral Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014764","descriptor_name":"Viral Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014764","descriptor_name":"Viral Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016415","descriptor_name":"Sequence Alignment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016415","descriptor_name":"Sequence Alignment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016415","descriptor_name":"Sequence Alignment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019143","descriptor_name":"Evolution, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019143","descriptor_name":"Evolution, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019143","descriptor_name":"Evolution, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053124","descriptor_name":"Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053124","descriptor_name":"Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053124","descriptor_name":"Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1672-0229(08)60032-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1672-0229(08)60032-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155547894","display_name":"Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1672-0229","issn":["1672-0229","2210-3244"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genomics, Proteomics &amp; Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19591791","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19591791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4016562","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5054228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1672-0229(08)60032-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1672-0229(08)60032-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155547894","display_name":"Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1672-0229","issn":["1672-0229","2210-3244"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genomics, Proteomics &amp; Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322675","display_name":"Mitacs","ror":"https://ror.org/00cjrc276"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W247890860","https://openalex.org/W638753865","https://openalex.org/W1483247593","https://openalex.org/W1961024194","https://openalex.org/W1978904295","https://openalex.org/W1989567051","https://openalex.org/W1992641498","https://openalex.org/W1998553011","https://openalex.org/W2004027140","https://openalex.org/W2011983340","https://openalex.org/W2015403041","https://openalex.org/W2042318331","https://openalex.org/W2062207296","https://openalex.org/W2066218699","https://openalex.org/W2066609648","https://openalex.org/W2081145570","https://openalex.org/W2082030984","https://openalex.org/W2089807788","https://openalex.org/W2106882534","https://openalex.org/W2116631841","https://openalex.org/W2125014261","https://openalex.org/W2125121305","https://openalex.org/W2125739732","https://openalex.org/W2126334238","https://openalex.org/W2142271135","https://openalex.org/W2154277216","https://openalex.org/W2159889668","https://openalex.org/W2168988686","https://openalex.org/W2173375845","https://openalex.org/W2274519842","https://openalex.org/W2348768547","https://openalex.org/W2895583211","https://openalex.org/W6629003624","https://openalex.org/W6755009778"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2406460005","https://openalex.org/W2006667246","https://openalex.org/W1512806282","https://openalex.org/W4211002388","https://openalex.org/W2242144825","https://openalex.org/W1979537384","https://openalex.org/W2054327131","https://openalex.org/W2903366468","https://openalex.org/W1974267929","https://openalex.org/W1811081142"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,86],"surface":[1],"glycoprotein":[2],"hemagglutinin":[3],"(HA)":[4],"helps":[5],"the":[6,12,31,48,66,80,127],"influenza":[7,38],"A":[8,39],"virus":[9,40],"to":[10,56,61,79,150],"evade":[11],"host":[13],"immune":[14],"system":[15],"by":[16],"antigenic":[17],"variation":[18],"and":[19,119],"is":[20,113],"a":[21,123],"major":[22],"driving":[23],"force":[24],"for":[25,143],"viral":[26],"evolution.":[27],"In":[28],"this":[29],"study,":[30],"selection":[32,51],"pressure":[33],"on":[34,105],"HA":[35,106,138],"of":[36,47,65,83,89,137,153],"H5N1":[37],"was":[41,92,102],"analyzed":[42],"using":[43],"bioinformatics":[44],"algorithms.":[45],"Most":[46],"identified":[49,67],"positive":[50],"(PS)":[52],"sites":[53,69,91],"were":[54],"found":[55],"be":[57,148],"within":[58],"or":[59,146],"adjacent":[60],"epitope":[62],"sites.":[63],"Some":[64],"PS":[68,90],"are":[70],"consistent":[71],"with":[72,122],"previous":[73],"experimental":[74],"studies,":[75],"providing":[76],"further":[77],"support":[78],"biological":[81],"significance":[82],"our":[84],"findings.":[85],"highest":[87],"frequency":[88],"observed":[93],"in":[94,116,134],"recent":[95],"strains":[96],"isolated":[97],"during":[98],"2005-2007.":[99],"Phylogenetic":[100],"analysis":[101],"also":[103],"conducted":[104],"sequences":[107],"from":[108],"various":[109],"hosts.":[110],"Viral":[111],"drift":[112],"almost":[114],"similar":[115],"both":[117],"avian":[118],"human":[120],"species":[121],"progressive":[124],"trend":[125],"over":[126],"years.":[128],"Our":[129],"study":[130],"reports":[131],"new":[132],"mutations":[133],"functional":[135],"regions":[136],"that":[139],"might":[140],"provide":[141],"markers":[142],"vaccine":[144],"design":[145],"can":[147],"used":[149],"predict":[151],"isolates":[152],"pandemic":[154],"potential.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
