{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4236922113","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1574-6526(06)80005-2","title":"Introduction","display_name":"Introduction","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4236922113","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1574-6526(06)80005-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1574-6526(06)80005-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1574-6526(06)80005-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233562","display_name":"Foundations of artificial intelligence","issn_l":"1574-6526","issn":["1574-6526","2212-0858"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Foundations of Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000527699","display_name":"Francesca Rossi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8898-219X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Rossi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103052788","display_name":"Peter van Beek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4589-5253"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter van Beek","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072902302","display_name":"Toby Walsh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2998-8668"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toby Walsh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6058,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95856052,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.8611999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.8611999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-programming","display_name":"Constraint programming","score":0.8825967907905579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backtracking","display_name":"Backtracking","score":0.8295636177062988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-satisfaction","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction","score":0.7261784076690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrent-constraint-logic-programming","display_name":"Concurrent constraint logic programming","score":0.7230242490768433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-logic-programming","display_name":"Constraint logic programming","score":0.6608397960662842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6286601424217224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductive-programming","display_name":"Inductive programming","score":0.5491459965705872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-satisfaction-problem","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction problem","score":0.5156089663505554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-programming","display_name":"Logic programming","score":0.4669668972492218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-learning","display_name":"Constraint learning","score":0.4527166783809662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-programming","display_name":"Reactive programming","score":0.4323796033859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3966468274593353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-paradigm","display_name":"Programming paradigm","score":0.3652689456939697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3569105863571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3180096745491028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2320970892906189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.20550647377967834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-programming","display_name":"Stochastic programming","score":0.14523965120315552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173404611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q528588","display_name":"Constraint programming","level":3,"score":0.8825967907905579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156884757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798554","display_name":"Backtracking","level":2,"score":0.8295636177062988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44616089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30158686","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction","level":3,"score":0.7261784076690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204306468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159106","display_name":"Concurrent constraint logic programming","level":5,"score":0.7230242490768433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176783269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164378","display_name":"Constraint logic programming","level":4,"score":0.6608397960662842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6286601424217224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50033165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15712089","display_name":"Inductive programming","level":3,"score":0.5491459965705872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199622910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128326","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction problem","level":3,"score":0.5156089663505554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128838566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275603","display_name":"Logic programming","level":2,"score":0.4669668972492218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29230964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164376","display_name":"Constraint learning","level":5,"score":0.4527166783809662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150762246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4354073","display_name":"Reactive programming","level":4,"score":0.4323796033859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3966468274593353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.3652689456939697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3569105863571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3180096745491028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2320970892906189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20550647377967834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137631369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617831","display_name":"Stochastic programming","level":2,"score":0.14523965120315552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1574-6526(06)80005-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1574-6526(06)80005-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233562","display_name":"Foundations of artificial intelligence","issn_l":"1574-6526","issn":["1574-6526","2212-0858"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Foundations of Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515441675","https://openalex.org/W1589232796","https://openalex.org/W1733489975","https://openalex.org/W1988095917","https://openalex.org/W2043193943","https://openalex.org/W2135588736","https://openalex.org/W2426452510"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1520714863","https://openalex.org/W2611103758","https://openalex.org/W1840715060","https://openalex.org/W2495969191","https://openalex.org/W2522961925","https://openalex.org/W4243324743","https://openalex.org/W1548690989","https://openalex.org/W2466651357","https://openalex.org/W4236922113","https://openalex.org/W1529354938"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
