{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1974197738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0661(05)80285-3","title":"Specifying the PLAN Network Programming Langauge","display_name":"Specifying the PLAN Network Programming Langauge","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1974197738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0661(05)80285-3","mag":"1974197738"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1571-0661(05)80285-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0661(05)80285-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50368787","display_name":"Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science","issn_l":"1571-0661","issn":["1571-0661"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0661(05)80285-3","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043837508","display_name":"Pankaj Kakkar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36788626","display_name":"California University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/01spssf70","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36788626"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pankaj Kakkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CIS University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia,U.S.A","#N#               * University of Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CIS University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia,U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#               * University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36788626","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046625836","display_name":"Michael Hicks","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2759-9223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36788626","display_name":"California University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/01spssf70","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36788626"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Hicks","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CIS University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia,U.S.A","#N#               * University of Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CIS University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia,U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#               * University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36788626","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079671755","display_name":"Jon Moore","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36788626","display_name":"California University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/01spssf70","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36788626"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon Moore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CIS University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia,U.S.A","#N#               * University of Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CIS University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia,U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#               * University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36788626","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031954035","display_name":"Carl A. Gunter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6943-0684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carl A. Gunter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CIS University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia,U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CIS University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia,U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2116,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95397795,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":null,"first_page":"87","last_page":"104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8277990818023682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.8002551794052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.749964714050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpreter","display_name":"Interpreter","score":0.6642991304397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language-specification","display_name":"Programming language specification","score":0.6391569375991821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specification-language","display_name":"Specification language","score":0.6107051372528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5867989659309387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.5599579811096191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plan","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","score":0.5581390857696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.540168285369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4860554039478302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-of-temporal-ordering-specification","display_name":"Language Of Temporal Ordering Specification","score":0.48154857754707336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-semantics","display_name":"Operational semantics","score":0.41991299390792847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.38275545835494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-paradigm","display_name":"Programming paradigm","score":0.30005231499671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1380150318145752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-domain","display_name":"Programming domain","score":0.12552538514137268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductive-programming","display_name":"Inductive programming","score":0.09356129169464111}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8277990818023682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.8002551794052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.749964714050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122783720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183065","display_name":"Interpreter","level":2,"score":0.6642991304397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15077461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7248507","display_name":"Programming language specification","level":5,"score":0.6391569375991821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201677973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209840","display_name":"Specification language","level":2,"score":0.6107051372528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5867989659309387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5599579811096191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776505523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785468","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5581390857696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.540168285369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4860554039478302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90069079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1805432","display_name":"Language Of Temporal Ordering Specification","level":3,"score":0.48154857754707336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156325763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930895","display_name":"Operational semantics","level":3,"score":0.41991299390792847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.38275545835494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.30005231499671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1380150318145752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119263510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7248501","display_name":"Programming domain","level":4,"score":0.12552538514137268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50033165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15712089","display_name":"Inductive programming","level":3,"score":0.09356129169464111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1571-0661(05)80285-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0661(05)80285-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50368787","display_name":"Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science","issn_l":"1571-0661","issn":["1571-0661"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1571-0661(05)80285-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0661(05)80285-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50368787","display_name":"Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science","issn_l":"1571-0661","issn":["1571-0661"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492839618","https://openalex.org/W1514258760","https://openalex.org/W1644882639","https://openalex.org/W1829244603","https://openalex.org/W1998661454","https://openalex.org/W2028613837","https://openalex.org/W2092889242","https://openalex.org/W2113757735","https://openalex.org/W2123477284","https://openalex.org/W2132581831","https://openalex.org/W2133794215","https://openalex.org/W2148238464","https://openalex.org/W2155814128","https://openalex.org/W2495478338","https://openalex.org/W2611023804","https://openalex.org/W6600156937","https://openalex.org/W6629406193","https://openalex.org/W6737150818"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2592399342","https://openalex.org/W794225219","https://openalex.org/W4249603026","https://openalex.org/W2060087898","https://openalex.org/W2898425611","https://openalex.org/W2350068048","https://openalex.org/W2313419847","https://openalex.org/W1515836884","https://openalex.org/W2047524021","https://openalex.org/W3021477639"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,123],"discuss":[1],"how":[2,104],"the":[3,6,11,15,79,87,111,119,141,145],"specification":[4,18,80,112,136],"of":[5,14,45,48,53,86,90,93,126,128,140,147],"PLAN":[7,49,105],"programming":[8],"language":[9],"supports":[10],"design":[12],"objectives":[13],"language.":[16],"The":[17,39],"aims":[19],"to":[20,100,135,137],"provide":[21],"a":[22,31,83,91],"mathematically":[23],"precise":[24],"operational":[25],"semantics":[26,40],"that":[27,50,130],"can":[28],"serve":[29],"as":[30],"standard":[32],"for":[33],"implementing":[34],"interpreters":[35,69],"and":[36],"portable":[37],"programs.":[38],"should":[41],"also":[42],"support":[43,82],"proofs":[44],"key":[46],"properties":[47,139],"would":[51],"hold":[52],"all":[54],"conformant":[55,94],"implementations.":[56,95],"This":[57],"paper":[58],"discusses":[59],"two":[60],"such":[61],"properties.":[62],"(1)":[63],"Type":[64],"checking":[65],"is":[66,98],"required,":[67],"but":[68,110],"are":[70,77],"given":[71],"significant":[72],"flexibility":[73],"about":[74,103,116],"when":[75],"types":[76],"checked;":[78],"must":[81,113],"clear":[84],"description":[85],"possible":[88],"behaviors":[89],"network":[92,120,142],"(2)":[96],"It":[97],"essential":[99],"have":[101],"guarantees":[102],"programs":[106],"use":[107],"global":[108],"resources,":[109],"be":[114],"flexible":[115],"extensions":[117],"in":[118,133],"service":[121],"layer.":[122],"illustrate":[124],"on":[125,144],"kind":[127],"issue":[129],"will":[131],"arise":[132],"using":[134],"prove":[138],"based":[143],"choice":[146],"services.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
