{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2082495651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0661(04)80710-2","title":"Towards a Symbolic Interpretation of Approximate Reasoning","display_name":"Towards a Symbolic Interpretation of Approximate Reasoning","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2082495651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0661(04)80710-2","mag":"2082495651"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1571-0661(04)80710-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0661(04)80710-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50368787","display_name":"Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science","issn_l":"1571-0661","issn":["1571-0661"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0661(04)80710-2","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058993668","display_name":"Mazen El-Sayed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49451733","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Angers","ror":"https://ror.org/04yrqp957","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49451733"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mazen El-Sayed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of sciences, University of Angers, 2, Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 ANGERS Cedex 01, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of sciences, University of Angers, 2, Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 ANGERS Cedex 01, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49451733"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000214820","display_name":"Daniel Pacholczyk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49451733","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Angers","ror":"https://ror.org/04yrqp957","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49451733"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Pacholczyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of sciences, University of Angers, 2, Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 ANGERS Cedex 01, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of sciences, University of Angers, 2, Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 ANGERS Cedex 01, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49451733"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000214820","https://openalex.org/A5058993668"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49451733"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16808702,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"82","issue":"4","first_page":"108","last_page":"119"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11727","display_name":"Advanced Algebra and Logic","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiset","display_name":"Multiset","score":0.7554701566696167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modus-ponens","display_name":"Modus ponens","score":0.7257717847824097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6237925291061401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5841785073280334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretation","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","score":0.5594273209571838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5539968609809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5357963442802429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.4715431034564972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limit","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","score":0.4313514232635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.42634445428848267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.4258241653442383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presentation","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","score":0.42080551385879517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4187892973423004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4123944938182831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38475751876831055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2627834677696228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.23678430914878845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.19106075167655945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779623528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864377","display_name":"Multiset","level":2,"score":0.7554701566696167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193885149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655742","display_name":"Modus ponens","level":3,"score":0.7257717847824097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6237925291061401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5841785073280334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5594273209571838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5539968609809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5357963442802429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.4715431034564972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4313514232635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.42634445428848267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4258241653442383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.42080551385879517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4187892973423004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4123944938182831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38475751876831055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2627834677696228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.23678430914878845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.19106075167655945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1571-0661(04)80710-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0661(04)80710-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50368787","display_name":"Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science","issn_l":"1571-0661","issn":["1571-0661"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1571-0661(04)80710-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0661(04)80710-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50368787","display_name":"Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science","issn_l":"1571-0661","issn":["1571-0661"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485241037","https://openalex.org/W1505251803","https://openalex.org/W1553999156","https://openalex.org/W1566211337","https://openalex.org/W1877401177","https://openalex.org/W1974182274","https://openalex.org/W2051968038","https://openalex.org/W2075090033","https://openalex.org/W2123728820","https://openalex.org/W2912565176","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6633996426"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2029563506","https://openalex.org/W4300455649","https://openalex.org/W2296588302","https://openalex.org/W1588067599","https://openalex.org/W2611198522","https://openalex.org/W4252409532","https://openalex.org/W2128822503","https://openalex.org/W2145792724","https://openalex.org/W1539943423","https://openalex.org/W2127778125"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,81],"study":[1],"knowledge-based":[2],"systems":[3],"using":[4],"symbolic":[5,32,69],"many-valued":[6],"logic":[7],"and":[8,51,71],"we":[9,28,40,52,63,72],"focus":[10],"on":[11],"the":[12,65,89],"management":[13],"of":[14,34,45,67,88],"knowledge":[15],"through":[16],"linguistic":[17,49],"concepts":[18],"characterized":[19],"by":[20],"vague":[21],"terms":[22],"or":[23],"labels.":[24],"In":[25,37,60],"previous":[26],"papers":[27],"have":[29,41,53],"proposed":[30],"a":[31,57],"representation":[33],"nuanced":[35,79,95],"statements.":[36,80,96],"this":[38,61],"representation,":[39],"interpreated":[42],"some":[43],"nuances":[44],"natural":[46],"language":[47],"as":[48],"modifiers":[50],"defined":[54],"them":[55],"within":[56],"multiset":[58],"context.":[59],"paper,":[62],"continue":[64],"presentation":[66],"our":[68],"model":[70],"propose":[73],"new":[74,86],"deduction":[75],"rules":[76,92],"dealing":[77,93],"with":[78,94],"limit":[82],"ourself":[83],"to":[84],"present":[85],"generalizations":[87],"Modus":[90],"Ponens":[91]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
