{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1966616900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1071-5819(03)00013-2","title":"Context-based free-form annotation in XML documents","display_name":"Context-based free-form annotation in XML documents","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1966616900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1071-5819(03)00013-2","mag":"1966616900"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1071-5819(03)00013-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1071-5819(03)00013-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190811","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","issn_l":"1071-5819","issn":["1071-5819","1095-9300"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056631498","display_name":"Won-Sung Sohn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Won-Sung Sohn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea","Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodamoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodamoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044424113","display_name":"Jae\u2010Kyung Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7952-4987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jae-Kyung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea","Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodamoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodamoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038295442","display_name":"Seung-Kyu Ko","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seung-Kyu Ko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea","Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodamoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodamoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030275583","display_name":"Soon\u2010Bum Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2659-4102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31766871","display_name":"Sookmyung Women's University","ror":"https://ror.org/00vvvt117","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31766871"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soon-Bum Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Multimedia Science, Sookmyung Women\u2019s University, Seoul 140-742, South Korea","Department of Multimedia Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, South Korea#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Multimedia Science, Sookmyung Women\u2019s University, Seoul 140-742, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31766871"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Multimedia Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, South Korea#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31766871"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108756995","display_name":"Yoon\u2010Chul Choy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoon-Chul Choy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea","Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodamoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sodamoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056631498"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"],"apc_list":{"value":3640,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3640},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09839019,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"3","first_page":"257","last_page":"285"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.872991681098938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.8554926514625549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markup-language","display_name":"Markup language","score":0.7579503059387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xml","display_name":"XML","score":0.7549776434898376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.6629369258880615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity","display_name":"Ambiguity","score":0.6491343379020691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6036630868911743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3848913908004761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.35037559270858765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2628503441810608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12118300795555115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.872991681098938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.8554926514625549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37045","display_name":"Markup language","level":3,"score":0.7579503059387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8797682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2115","display_name":"XML","level":2,"score":0.7549776434898376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6629369258880615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.6491343379020691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6036630868911743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3848913908004761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.35037559270858765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2628503441810608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12118300795555115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1071-5819(03)00013-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1071-5819(03)00013-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190811","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","issn_l":"1071-5819","issn":["1071-5819","1095-9300"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W92406374","https://openalex.org/W102314713","https://openalex.org/W135475757","https://openalex.org/W1542796394","https://openalex.org/W1564887902","https://openalex.org/W1566758603","https://openalex.org/W1584102434","https://openalex.org/W1591042079","https://openalex.org/W1802072724","https://openalex.org/W1929667620","https://openalex.org/W1965014786","https://openalex.org/W1967927665","https://openalex.org/W1972158989","https://openalex.org/W1974211390","https://openalex.org/W1976024593","https://openalex.org/W1979566122","https://openalex.org/W1986470962","https://openalex.org/W1991648877","https://openalex.org/W1995980919","https://openalex.org/W2001390349","https://openalex.org/W2005950232","https://openalex.org/W2009220433","https://openalex.org/W2019339997","https://openalex.org/W2031793755","https://openalex.org/W2033941423","https://openalex.org/W2083847157","https://openalex.org/W2084069552","https://openalex.org/W2090656662","https://openalex.org/W2094799191","https://openalex.org/W2100809573","https://openalex.org/W2101062949","https://openalex.org/W2113963479","https://openalex.org/W2122624458","https://openalex.org/W2125633256","https://openalex.org/W2138482372","https://openalex.org/W2153360297","https://openalex.org/W2154501345","https://openalex.org/W2164105176","https://openalex.org/W2177645021","https://openalex.org/W2285112858","https://openalex.org/W2337343765","https://openalex.org/W2481451383","https://openalex.org/W2904357969","https://openalex.org/W2912304057","https://openalex.org/W2912756454","https://openalex.org/W2913785658","https://openalex.org/W3000063644","https://openalex.org/W3035801377","https://openalex.org/W4229664776","https://openalex.org/W4240971734","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6635116507","https://openalex.org/W7013997041"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385386698","https://openalex.org/W4235354490","https://openalex.org/W2143258726","https://openalex.org/W2381082207","https://openalex.org/W2025266532","https://openalex.org/W2136793911","https://openalex.org/W1971521465","https://openalex.org/W2251247982","https://openalex.org/W2377737135","https://openalex.org/W2100702185"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}