{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2143112732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00435-x","title":"General multilevel linear modeling for group analysis in FMRI","display_name":"General multilevel linear modeling for group analysis in FMRI","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2143112732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00435-x","mag":"2143112732","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14568475"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00435-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00435-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103225281","display_name":"NeuroImage","issn_l":"1053-8119","issn":["1053-8119","1095-9572"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NeuroImage","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057492639","display_name":"Christian F. Beckmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3373-3193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101881","display_name":"Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging","ror":"https://ror.org/0172mzb45","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210101881","https://openalex.org/I87048295"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christian F. Beckmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK. beckmann@fmrib.ox.ac.uk","Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK","Medical Vision Laboratory, Department of Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK. beckmann@fmrib.ox.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101881"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101881","https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Vision Laboratory, Department of Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004220534","display_name":"Mark Jenkinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6043-0166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101881","display_name":"Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging","ror":"https://ror.org/0172mzb45","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210101881","https://openalex.org/I87048295"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Jenkinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101881","https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066553010","display_name":"Stephen M. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8166-069X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101881","display_name":"Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging","ror":"https://ror.org/0172mzb45","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210101881","https://openalex.org/I87048295"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen M. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101881","https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057492639"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210101881"],"apc_list":{"value":3450,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3450},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.5302,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1518,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99563717,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"1052","last_page":"1063"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.9704999923706055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.9704999923706055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.9627000093460083,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10243","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference","score":0.9589999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance","display_name":"Covariance","score":0.7212899923324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.6636476516723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.6305782794952393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analysis-of-covariance","display_name":"Analysis of covariance","score":0.5786118507385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5233694314956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analysis-of-variance","display_name":"Analysis of variance","score":0.5232450366020203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilevel-model","display_name":"Multilevel model","score":0.499605655670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.47366437315940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repeated-measures-design","display_name":"Repeated measures design","score":0.4422372579574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-linear-model","display_name":"General linear model","score":0.4311988949775696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.4237549304962158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-model","display_name":"Linear model","score":0.3898305296897888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3633885383605957}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178650346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984","display_name":"Covariance","level":2,"score":0.7212899923324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.6636476516723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.6305782794952393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119340705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1628597","display_name":"Analysis of covariance","level":2,"score":0.5786118507385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5233694314956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99476002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42297","display_name":"Analysis of variance","level":2,"score":0.5232450366020203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53059260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374758","display_name":"Multilevel model","level":2,"score":0.499605655670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.47366437315940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102959455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313954","display_name":"Repeated measures design","level":2,"score":0.4422372579574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188321436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1826488","display_name":"General linear model","level":3,"score":0.4311988949775696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.4237549304962158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163175372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3339222","display_name":"Linear model","level":2,"score":0.3898305296897888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3633885383605957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002560","descriptor_name":"Cerebrovascular Circulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002560","descriptor_name":"Cerebrovascular Circulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002560","descriptor_name":"Cerebrovascular Circulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006439","descriptor_name":"Hemodynamics","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006439","descriptor_name":"Hemodynamics","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006439","descriptor_name":"Hemodynamics","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00435-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00435-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103225281","display_name":"NeuroImage","issn_l":"1053-8119","issn":["1053-8119","1095-9572"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NeuroImage","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:14568475","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14568475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NeuroImage","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:ora.ox.ac.uk:uuid:90eb2dd3-3976-4106-8c54-df6990a4b345","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:90eb2dd3-3976-4106-8c54-df6990a4b345","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402636","display_name":"Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/)","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320565","display_name":"GlaxoSmithKline Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/0108bjm70"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W170397558","https://openalex.org/W1492224515","https://openalex.org/W1502702231","https://openalex.org/W1974698598","https://openalex.org/W1975938737","https://openalex.org/W1978660262","https://openalex.org/W2028067695","https://openalex.org/W2057159408","https://openalex.org/W2058713030","https://openalex.org/W2059982399","https://openalex.org/W2068836445","https://openalex.org/W2087028773","https://openalex.org/W2124187669","https://openalex.org/W2129862407","https://openalex.org/W2169005503","https://openalex.org/W2413573154","https://openalex.org/W2798909945","https://openalex.org/W2889622349","https://openalex.org/W4235700900"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238971369","https://openalex.org/W3206241871","https://openalex.org/W1966038057","https://openalex.org/W2353436591","https://openalex.org/W2059066993","https://openalex.org/W2108818020","https://openalex.org/W2904016984","https://openalex.org/W2486085520","https://openalex.org/W8970412","https://openalex.org/W2051749047"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":58},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":75},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":71},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":87},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":80},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":91},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":82},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":88},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":95},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":88},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":98}],"updated_date":"2026-05-28T09:10:13.091523","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}