{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2072664496","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1045-926x(05)80003-5","title":"Relation grammars and their application to multi-dimensional languages","display_name":"Relation grammars and their application to multi-dimensional languages","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2072664496","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1045-926x(05)80003-5","mag":"2072664496"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1045-926x(05)80003-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1045-926x(05)80003-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S206928812","display_name":"Journal of Visual Languages & Computing","issn_l":"1045-926X","issn":["1045-926X","1095-8533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Visual Languages & Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041489060","display_name":"C. Crimi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Crimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["CRIAI, Consorzio Compano di Ricerca per l'Informatica e l'Automazione Industriale, Naples, Italy","CRIAI, Consorzio Compano di Ricerca per l'Informatica e l'Automazione Industriale, Naples, Italy#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CRIAI, Consorzio Compano di Ricerca per l'Informatica e l'Automazione Industriale, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CRIAI, Consorzio Compano di Ricerca per l'Informatica e l'Automazione Industriale, Naples, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050882663","display_name":"Angela Guercio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2971-9783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Guercio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica ed Applicazioni, University of Salerno, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica ed Applicazioni, University of Salerno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057546741","display_name":"Giancarlo Nota","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-9967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Nota","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica ed Applicazioni, University of Salerno, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica ed Applicazioni, University of Salerno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086467812","display_name":"G. Pacini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Pacini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica ed Applicazioni, University of Salerno, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica ed Applicazioni, University of Salerno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074856207","display_name":"Genoveffa Tortora","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4765-8371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Tortora","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica ed Applicazioni, University of Salerno, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica ed Applicazioni, University of Salerno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069802656","display_name":"Maurizio Tucci","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Tucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica ed Applicazioni, University of Salerno, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica ed Applicazioni, University of Salerno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9564,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79216301,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"4","first_page":"333","last_page":"346"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.8402000069618225,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.8402000069618225,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14320","display_name":"Optics and Image Analysis","score":0.8305000066757202,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8726449608802795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l-attributed-grammar","display_name":"L-attributed grammar","score":0.7477622032165527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","score":0.734821617603302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.6959028244018555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenation","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","score":0.6665081977844238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5879523158073425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s-attributed-grammar","display_name":"S-attributed grammar","score":0.5594707727432251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5353847742080688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.514472484588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.4902229905128479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"Syntax","score":0.48482218384742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-adjoining-grammar","display_name":"Tree-adjoining grammar","score":0.47573113441467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase-structure-grammar","display_name":"Phrase structure grammar","score":0.467875212430954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-affix-grammar","display_name":"Extended Affix Grammar","score":0.46428075432777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-grammar","display_name":"Formal grammar","score":0.45526885986328125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indexed-grammar","display_name":"Indexed grammar","score":0.4465767443180084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formalism","display_name":"Formalism (music)","score":0.4420911967754364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-free-grammar","display_name":"Context-free grammar","score":0.40803831815719604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13170093297958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.08918610215187073}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8726449608802795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67621940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3113340","display_name":"L-attributed grammar","level":4,"score":0.7477622032165527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53893814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","level":2,"score":0.734821617603302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.6959028244018555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87619178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126002","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6665081977844238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5879523158073425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147547768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3113342","display_name":"S-attributed grammar","level":3,"score":0.5594707727432251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5353847742080688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.514472484588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.4902229905128479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.48482218384742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134083981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754022","display_name":"Tree-adjoining grammar","level":4,"score":0.47573113441467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29184939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134367","display_name":"Phrase structure grammar","level":4,"score":0.467875212430954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37734731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421802","display_name":"Extended Affix Grammar","level":4,"score":0.46428075432777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171553443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373045","display_name":"Formal grammar","level":3,"score":0.45526885986328125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79243999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6590011","display_name":"Indexed grammar","level":5,"score":0.4465767443180084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73301696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469984","display_name":"Formalism (music)","level":3,"score":0.4420911967754364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97212296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338047","display_name":"Context-free grammar","level":3,"score":0.40803831815719604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13170093297958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.08918610215187073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558565934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2743","display_name":"Musical","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1045-926x(05)80003-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1045-926x(05)80003-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S206928812","display_name":"Journal of Visual Languages & Computing","issn_l":"1045-926X","issn":["1045-926X","1095-8533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Visual Languages & Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2918124307","https://openalex.org/W1507356070","https://openalex.org/W2792956200","https://openalex.org/W2024247183","https://openalex.org/W1847229592","https://openalex.org/W2040748237","https://openalex.org/W2086184235","https://openalex.org/W2095246953","https://openalex.org/W2768697761","https://openalex.org/W4229721093"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}