{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1987447081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0953-5438(98)00045-9","title":"A study of incidents involving programmable electronic safety-related systems","display_name":"A study of incidents involving programmable electronic safety-related systems","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1987447081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0953-5438(98)00045-9","mag":"1987447081"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0953-5438(98)00045-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0953-5438(98)00045-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23117883","display_name":"Interacting with Computers","issn_l":"0953-5438","issn":["0953-5438","1873-7951"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interacting with Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060970142","display_name":"C Chambers","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C Chambers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications and Distributed Systems, Department of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 211 Portobello Street, Sheffield S1 4DP, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications and Distributed Systems, Department of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 211 Portobello Street, Sheffield S1 4DP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111581337","display_name":"Peter Croll","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.R Croll","raw_affiliation_strings":["aCommunications and Distributed Systems, Department of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 211 Portobello Street, Sheffield S1 4DP, UK","Communications and Distributed Systems, Department of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 211 Portobello Street, Sheffield S1 4DP, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"aCommunications and Distributed Systems, Department of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 211 Portobello Street, Sheffield S1 4DP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications and Distributed Systems, Department of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 211 Portobello Street, Sheffield S1 4DP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062871435","display_name":"Mark Bowell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800214767","display_name":"HSE Science and Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/003kv9x13","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800214767","https://openalex.org/I81831788"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Bowell","raw_affiliation_strings":["bHealth and Safety Laboratory, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK","Health and Safety Laboratory, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"bHealth and Safety Laboratory, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800214767"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health and Safety Laboratory, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800214767"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2635,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3232},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6346,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71696448,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"6","first_page":"597","last_page":"609"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13295","display_name":"Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13690","display_name":"Quality and Safety in Healthcare","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3607","display_name":"Medical Laboratory Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.6022263169288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5864723920822144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5441490411758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-safety","display_name":"Process safety","score":0.46988964080810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-safety","display_name":"Patient safety","score":0.4651055932044983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4274527430534363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.3871704339981079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.24071532487869263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2148481011390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.20596420764923096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-in-process","display_name":"Work in process","score":0.18290549516677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.13144388794898987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.06702062487602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.0639193058013916}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.6022263169288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5864723920822144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5441490411758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80038721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4380673","display_name":"Process safety","level":3,"score":0.46988964080810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779328685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475557","display_name":"Patient safety","level":3,"score":0.4651055932044983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4274527430534363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3871704339981079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.24071532487869263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2148481011390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.20596420764923096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174998907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357662","display_name":"Work in process","level":2,"score":0.18290549516677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.13144388794898987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.06702062487602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0639193058013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0953-5438(98)00045-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0953-5438(98)00045-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23117883","display_name":"Interacting with Computers","issn_l":"0953-5438","issn":["0953-5438","1873-7951"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interacting with Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W577202514","https://openalex.org/W1492884822","https://openalex.org/W1570153265","https://openalex.org/W1588904986","https://openalex.org/W1976593067","https://openalex.org/W2115179079","https://openalex.org/W2332605546","https://openalex.org/W6629417080"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2417158417","https://openalex.org/W2737362911","https://openalex.org/W2041465721","https://openalex.org/W2014384157","https://openalex.org/W4380902093","https://openalex.org/W2766011359","https://openalex.org/W2579252616","https://openalex.org/W3110939572","https://openalex.org/W3134448548","https://openalex.org/W1970486884"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,32],"study":[4],"of":[5,20,34],"21":[6],"incidents":[7],"HSL":[8],"defines":[9],"an":[10,13,21,35],"incident":[11],"as":[12],"occasion":[14],"when":[15],"the":[16],"safety":[17],"or":[18,26,38],"health":[19],"individual":[22],"is":[23],"adversely":[24],"affected,":[25,30],"might":[27],"have":[28],"been":[29],"by":[31],"failure":[33],"industrial":[36],"component":[37],"process.":[39]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
