{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010898365","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0933-3657(03)00061-7","title":"Brain volumes characterisation using hierarchical neural networks","display_name":"Brain volumes characterisation using hierarchical neural networks","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010898365","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0933-3657(03)00061-7","mag":"2010898365","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12927338"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0933-3657(03)00061-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0933-3657(03)00061-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42468263","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine","issn_l":"0933-3657","issn":["0933-3657","1873-2860"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079455338","display_name":"Sergio Di Bona","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122991210","display_name":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione \"Alessandro Faedo\"","ror":"https://ror.org/05kacka20","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122991210","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197604219","display_name":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02eq2w707","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197604219"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sergio Di Bona","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Science and Technologies, Italian National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi, 1-56124 Pisa, Italy. dibona@iei.pi.cnr.it","Institute of Information Science and Technologies, Italian National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi, 1-56124 Pisa, Italy#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Science and Technologies, Italian National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi, 1-56124 Pisa, Italy. dibona@iei.pi.cnr.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Science and Technologies, Italian National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi, 1-56124 Pisa, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197604219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103693879","display_name":"Heinrich Niemann","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heinrich Niemann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bavarian Research Center for Knowledge-Based Systems Haberstrasse, 2-D-91058 Erlangen, Germany#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bavarian Research Center for Knowledge-Based Systems Haberstrasse, 2-D-91058 Erlangen, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019830566","display_name":"Gabriele Pieri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5068-2861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197604219","display_name":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02eq2w707","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197604219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriele Pieri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Science and Technologies, Italian National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi, 1-56124 Pisa, Italy#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Science and Technologies, Italian National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi, 1-56124 Pisa, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197604219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075170277","display_name":"Ovidio Salvetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9539-692X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197604219","display_name":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02eq2w707","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197604219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ovidio Salvetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Science and Technologies, Italian National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi, 1-56124 Pisa, Italy#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Science and Technologies, Italian National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi, 1-56124 Pisa, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197604219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079455338"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210","https://openalex.org/I197604219","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"],"apc_list":{"value":3230,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3230},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8306,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9113868,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"3","first_page":"307","last_page":"322"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7679506540298462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.684448778629303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voxel","display_name":"Voxel","score":0.6699532270431519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6521451473236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-tissue","display_name":"Brain tissue","score":0.5325718522071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5196803212165833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4385651648044586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4149893820285797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.13624858856201172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.1174716055393219}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7679506540298462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.684448778629303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54170458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663554","display_name":"Voxel","level":2,"score":0.6699532270431519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6521451473236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986936838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492038","display_name":"Brain tissue","level":2,"score":0.5325718522071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5196803212165833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4385651648044586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4149893820285797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.13624858856201172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1174716055393219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0933-3657(03)00061-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0933-3657(03)00061-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42468263","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine","issn_l":"0933-3657","issn":["0933-3657","1873-2860"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12927338","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12927338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial intelligence in medicine","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:dnet:people______::14293cb94b5c25f587c8a42b07f673e1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055261","display_name":"ISTI Open Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE, vol. 28 (issue 3), pp. 307-322","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dnet:people______::14293cb94b5c25f587c8a42b07f673e1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055261","display_name":"ISTI Open Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE, vol. 28 (issue 3), pp. 307-322","raw_type":"Journal article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1679913846","https://openalex.org/W1952596106","https://openalex.org/W1971488099","https://openalex.org/W1988452762","https://openalex.org/W2008230499","https://openalex.org/W2024645279","https://openalex.org/W2047018824","https://openalex.org/W2051958024","https://openalex.org/W2112592097","https://openalex.org/W2123986052","https://openalex.org/W2615412239","https://openalex.org/W3207342693","https://openalex.org/W4237222446","https://openalex.org/W4300402905"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4224009465","https://openalex.org/W4286629047","https://openalex.org/W4306321456","https://openalex.org/W2109867997","https://openalex.org/W4285260836","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4206076898"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}