{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1975434639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-7721(02)00099-8","title":"A circle packing algorithm","display_name":"A circle packing algorithm","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-04-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1975434639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-7721(02)00099-8","mag":"1975434639"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0925-7721(02)00099-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-7721(02)00099-8","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925772102000998/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165542689","display_name":"Computational Geometry","issn_l":"0925-7721","issn":["0925-7721","1879-081X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Geometry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925772102000998/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109900935","display_name":"Charles Collins","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Charles R. Collins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, 37996-1300 Knoxville, TN, USA","Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, 37996-1300 Knoxville, TN#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, 37996-1300 Knoxville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, 37996-1300 Knoxville, TN#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039339916","display_name":"Kenneth Stephenson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-2941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth Stephenson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, 37996-1300 Knoxville, TN, USA","Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, 37996-1300 Knoxville, TN#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, 37996-1300 Knoxville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, 37996-1300 Knoxville, TN#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109900935"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"],"apc_list":{"value":2180,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2180},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.3133,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":186,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98393837,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"3","first_page":"233","last_page":"256"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10304","display_name":"Geometric and Algebraic Topology","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10304","display_name":"Geometric and Algebraic Topology","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11887","display_name":"Quasicrystal Structures and Properties","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circle-packing","display_name":"Circle packing","score":0.8080708980560303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monotonic-function","display_name":"Monotonic function","score":0.7327039241790771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euclidean-geometry","display_name":"Euclidean geometry","score":0.7100525498390198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5168512463569641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4945964515209198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4579315483570099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38803791999816895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.36767375469207764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.3041890263557434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.14408156275749207}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123115066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5121501","display_name":"Circle packing","level":2,"score":0.8080708980560303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72169020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194404","display_name":"Monotonic function","level":2,"score":0.7327039241790771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129782007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162886","display_name":"Euclidean geometry","level":2,"score":0.7100525498390198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5168512463569641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4945964515209198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4579315483570099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38803791999816895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.36767375469207764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.3041890263557434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.14408156275749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0925-7721(02)00099-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-7721(02)00099-8","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925772102000998/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165542689","display_name":"Computational Geometry","issn_l":"0925-7721","issn":["0925-7721","1879-081X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Geometry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.55.8546","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.55.8546","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.math.utk.edu/~kens/ACPA/ACPA.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.638.8537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.638.8537","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.jhu.edu/~misha/Fall09/Collins03.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.95.2919","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.95.2919","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://web.sau.edu/lilliskevinm/wirelessbib/CollinsStephenson.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0925-7721(02)00099-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-7721(02)00099-8","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925772102000998/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165542689","display_name":"Computational Geometry","issn_l":"0925-7721","issn":["0925-7721","1879-081X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Geometry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1975434639.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1975434639.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W72097083","https://openalex.org/W81262289","https://openalex.org/W981291733","https://openalex.org/W1490820285","https://openalex.org/W1493689145","https://openalex.org/W1525623485","https://openalex.org/W1530501787","https://openalex.org/W1534446194","https://openalex.org/W1784898840","https://openalex.org/W1809566560","https://openalex.org/W1896258164","https://openalex.org/W1963574661","https://openalex.org/W1970334962","https://openalex.org/W1991295489","https://openalex.org/W1993913025","https://openalex.org/W1997201435","https://openalex.org/W2002701964","https://openalex.org/W2006541978","https://openalex.org/W2009742684","https://openalex.org/W2010753736","https://openalex.org/W2018183421","https://openalex.org/W2018325793","https://openalex.org/W2029113662","https://openalex.org/W2031214576","https://openalex.org/W2033403820","https://openalex.org/W2033865840","https://openalex.org/W2035223288","https://openalex.org/W2035925636","https://openalex.org/W2041372264","https://openalex.org/W2057382776","https://openalex.org/W2093804587","https://openalex.org/W2154335918","https://openalex.org/W2494922686","https://openalex.org/W2546977568","https://openalex.org/W2621392407","https://openalex.org/W2790338531","https://openalex.org/W2792203492","https://openalex.org/W4232909420","https://openalex.org/W4254697999","https://openalex.org/W6638176737","https://openalex.org/W6660567353","https://openalex.org/W6749319876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077314575","https://openalex.org/W4315701745","https://openalex.org/W1990290471","https://openalex.org/W4380682190","https://openalex.org/W2102386043","https://openalex.org/W2945307361","https://openalex.org/W2116636209","https://openalex.org/W2769125261","https://openalex.org/W4256250254","https://openalex.org/W1506630056"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
