{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2170793091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0893-6080(01)00019-3","title":"A What-and-Where fusion neural network for recognition and tracking of multiple radar emitters","display_name":"A What-and-Where fusion neural network for recognition and tracking of multiple radar emitters","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2170793091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0893-6080(01)00019-3","mag":"2170793091","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11341569"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0893-6080(01)00019-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0893-6080(01)00019-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123019304","display_name":"Neural Networks","issn_l":"0893-6080","issn":["0893-6080","1879-2782"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006937759","display_name":"\u00c9ric Granger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6116-7945"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336338359","display_name":"Department of National Defence","ror":"https://ror.org/035rreb34","country_code":"CA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336338359","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","display_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/05f8d4e86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Granger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Defence Research Establishment Ottawa, Department of National Defence, Ontario, Canada","Defence Research Establishment Ottawa, Department of National Defence, 3701 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0Z4, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, \u00c9cole Polytechnique de Montr\u00e9al, C. P. 6079, Station 'centre-ville,' Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3A7, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Defence Research Establishment Ottawa, Department of National Defence, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336338359"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Defence Research Establishment Ottawa, Department of National Defence, 3701 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0Z4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336338359"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, \u00c9cole Polytechnique de Montr\u00e9al, C. P. 6079, Station 'centre-ville,' Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3A7, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102762046","display_name":"Mark A. Rubin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5421-0220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155033","display_name":"Adaptive Cognitive Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/05nb6mm11","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155033"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark A. Rubin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Current address: Sensor Exploitation Group, M. I. T. Lincoln Laboratory, 244 Wood Street, Lexington, MA 02420, USA","Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems and Center for Adaptive Systems, Boston University, 677 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Current address: Sensor Exploitation Group, M. I. T. Lincoln Laboratory, 244 Wood Street, Lexington, MA 02420, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems and Center for Adaptive Systems, Boston University, 677 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046","https://openalex.org/I4210155033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080971897","display_name":"Stephen Grossberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2839-7914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155033","display_name":"Adaptive Cognitive Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/05nb6mm11","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155033"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Grossberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems and Center for Adaptive Systems, Boston University, 677 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems and Center for Adaptive Systems, Boston University, 677 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046","https://openalex.org/I4210155033"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069926852","display_name":"P. Lavoie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6011-2205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336338359","display_name":"Department of National Defence","ror":"https://ror.org/035rreb34","country_code":"CA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336338359","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre Lavoie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Defence Research Establishment Ottawa, Department of National Defence, 3701 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0Z4, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Defence Research Establishment Ottawa, Department of National Defence, 3701 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0Z4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336338359"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080971897"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046","https://openalex.org/I4210155033"],"apc_list":{"value":3350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3350},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6886,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94944732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"325","last_page":"344"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.6620393991470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6466589570045471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6459659337997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6238151788711548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6101588010787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5181752443313599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.46787214279174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.4471207857131958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-emitter","display_name":"Common emitter","score":0.4344889521598816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1363932490348816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.1240372359752655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07403495907783508}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.6620393991470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6466589570045471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6459659337997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6238151788711548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6101588010787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5181752443313599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.46787214279174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.4471207857131958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46918542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648344","display_name":"Common emitter","level":2,"score":0.4344889521598816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1363932490348816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.1240372359752655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07403495907783508}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011825","descriptor_name":"Radar","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011825","descriptor_name":"Radar","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011825","descriptor_name":"Radar","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0893-6080(01)00019-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0893-6080(01)00019-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123019304","display_name":"Neural Networks","issn_l":"0893-6080","issn":["0893-6080","1879-2782"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11341569","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11341569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.26.8943","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.26.8943","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://cns-ftp.bu.edu/pub/diana/GraRubGroLav01.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.72.6597","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.72.6597","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cns.bu.edu/Profiles/Grossberg/GraRubGroLav01.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:espace2.etsmtl.ca:13459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://espace2.etsmtl.ca/id/eprint/13459/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402392","display_name":"Espace \u00c9TS (ETS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1341030882","host_organization_name":"Educational Testing Service","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341030882"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article publi\u00e9 dans une revue, r\u00e9vis\u00e9 par les pairs"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open.bu.edu:2144/2276","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2144/2276","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402384","display_name":"OpenBU (Boston University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","host_organization_name":"Boston University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Technical Report"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.699999988079071,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":85,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W35577317","https://openalex.org/W154893328","https://openalex.org/W1504243221","https://openalex.org/W1521110922","https://openalex.org/W1554663460","https://openalex.org/W1570710127","https://openalex.org/W1576208268","https://openalex.org/W1586086488","https://openalex.org/W1590793755","https://openalex.org/W1643560957","https://openalex.org/W1646998587","https://openalex.org/W1663421356","https://openalex.org/W1675631448","https://openalex.org/W1678827917","https://openalex.org/W1770825568","https://openalex.org/W1866403196","https://openalex.org/W1964168965","https://openalex.org/W1965496070","https://openalex.org/W1971784203","https://openalex.org/W1982610692","https://openalex.org/W1987865517","https://openalex.org/W1989200976","https://openalex.org/W1994664304","https://openalex.org/W2000424290","https://openalex.org/W2012611887","https://openalex.org/W2015857587","https://openalex.org/W2024731684","https://openalex.org/W2034526008","https://openalex.org/W2040219769","https://openalex.org/W2041254396","https://openalex.org/W2044304288","https://openalex.org/W2044758663","https://openalex.org/W2058130919","https://openalex.org/W2061568630","https://openalex.org/W2063504114","https://openalex.org/W2064913240","https://openalex.org/W2073274049","https://openalex.org/W2084134149","https://openalex.org/W2084772916","https://openalex.org/W2085668324","https://openalex.org/W2095167327","https://openalex.org/W2095894994","https://openalex.org/W2103388679","https://openalex.org/W2118587067","https://openalex.org/W2118643826","https://openalex.org/W2120270028","https://openalex.org/W2122111042","https://openalex.org/W2124479612","https://openalex.org/W2135346934","https://openalex.org/W2142463470","https://openalex.org/W2144219012","https://openalex.org/W2151093159","https://openalex.org/W2155399784","https://openalex.org/W2161396019","https://openalex.org/W2166280719","https://openalex.org/W2167518683","https://openalex.org/W2170684284","https://openalex.org/W2319660501","https://openalex.org/W2326945647","https://openalex.org/W2483982199","https://openalex.org/W2490030495","https://openalex.org/W2491529994","https://openalex.org/W2492794003","https://openalex.org/W2766736793","https://openalex.org/W2913399920","https://openalex.org/W2978311037","https://openalex.org/W3017143921","https://openalex.org/W3207342693","https://openalex.org/W4235169531","https://openalex.org/W4240612663","https://openalex.org/W4244017338","https://openalex.org/W4244260529","https://openalex.org/W4251706103","https://openalex.org/W4294974469","https://openalex.org/W6601417734","https://openalex.org/W6606219809","https://openalex.org/W6637126790","https://openalex.org/W6650701224","https://openalex.org/W6668888067","https://openalex.org/W6675159624","https://openalex.org/W6677727829","https://openalex.org/W6678220440","https://openalex.org/W6682610290","https://openalex.org/W6684598176","https://openalex.org/W6842768183"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2790856699","https://openalex.org/W963760361","https://openalex.org/W1545597883","https://openalex.org/W2606779610","https://openalex.org/W2168136726","https://openalex.org/W2161807425","https://openalex.org/W2363778638","https://openalex.org/W71732713","https://openalex.org/W2302528478","https://openalex.org/W2369082374"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}