{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2165063953","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0743-1066(96)00141-0","title":"Representing actions: Laws, observations and hypotheses","display_name":"Representing actions: Laws, observations and hypotheses","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2165063953","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0743-1066(96)00141-0","mag":"2165063953"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0743-1066(96)00141-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0743-1066(96)00141-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86488779","display_name":"The Journal of Logic Programming","issn_l":"0743-1066","issn":["0743-1066","1873-5789"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Logic Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083735830","display_name":"Chitta Baral","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7549-723X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chitta Baral","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Texas at El Paso"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Texas at El Paso","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029745883","display_name":"Michael Gelfond","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0574-3092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Gelfond","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science C.I.R.F.I.D. University of Texas at E1 Paso Universit\u00a3 di Bologna E1 Paso, Texas 79968 U.S.A. 1-40121 Bologna ITALY"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science C.I.R.F.I.D. University of Texas at E1 Paso Universit\u00a3 di Bologna E1 Paso, Texas 79968 U.S.A. 1-40121 Bologna ITALY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081508670","display_name":"Alessandro Provetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9542-4110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Provetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science C.I.R.F.I.D. University of Texas at E1 Paso Universit\u00a3 di Bologna E1 Paso, Texas 79968 U.S.A. 1-40121 Bologna ITALY"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science C.I.R.F.I.D. University of Texas at E1 Paso Universit\u00a3 di Bologna E1 Paso, Texas 79968 U.S.A. 1-40121 Bologna ITALY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083735830"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":22.3394,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":120,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99468358,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"1-3","first_page":"201","last_page":"243"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soundness","display_name":"Soundness","score":0.9182195067405701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-consequence","display_name":"Logical consequence","score":0.8711571097373962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/completeness","display_name":"Completeness (order theory)","score":0.6997467279434204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.606201171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5874044299125671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.586948573589325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action","display_name":"Action (physics)","score":0.5346929430961609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4728439450263977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/textual-entailment","display_name":"Textual entailment","score":0.4715067446231842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-programming","display_name":"Logic programming","score":0.4338114261627197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4316450357437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.42974111437797546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3900807499885559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3002069890499115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.145236998796463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.12611883878707886}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q693083","display_name":"Soundness","level":2,"score":0.9182195067405701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134752490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374182","display_name":"Logical consequence","level":2,"score":0.8711571097373962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17231256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156540","display_name":"Completeness (order theory)","level":2,"score":0.6997467279434204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.606201171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5874044299125671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.586948573589325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5346929430961609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4728439450263977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95318506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6588467","display_name":"Textual entailment","level":3,"score":0.4715067446231842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128838566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275603","display_name":"Logic programming","level":2,"score":0.4338114261627197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4316450357437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.42974111437797546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3900807499885559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3002069890499115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.145236998796463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.12611883878707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0743-1066(96)00141-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0743-1066(96)00141-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86488779","display_name":"The Journal of Logic Programming","issn_l":"0743-1066","issn":["0743-1066","1873-5789"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Logic Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.37.864","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.37.864","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://earth.cs.ttu.edu/~mgelfond/papers/laws.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.43.4299","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.43.4299","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.utep.edu/chitta/papers/actual-actions.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.bbk.ac.uk.oai2:45400","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/45400/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400466","display_name":"BIROn (Birkbeck, University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98259816","host_organization_name":"Birkbeck, University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98259816"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":88,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2756301","https://openalex.org/W81942528","https://openalex.org/W96687712","https://openalex.org/W102430551","https://openalex.org/W107281026","https://openalex.org/W115583350","https://openalex.org/W138414955","https://openalex.org/W160326153","https://openalex.org/W188269519","https://openalex.org/W193135845","https://openalex.org/W194971775","https://openalex.org/W1485332185","https://openalex.org/W1496467535","https://openalex.org/W1505436358","https://openalex.org/W1525132895","https://openalex.org/W1528861930","https://openalex.org/W1534564803","https://openalex.org/W1537435730","https://openalex.org/W1544303999","https://openalex.org/W1548382160","https://openalex.org/W1548625203","https://openalex.org/W1549412672","https://openalex.org/W1554260996","https://openalex.org/W1557893839","https://openalex.org/W1561103552","https://openalex.org/W1663215694","https://openalex.org/W1766332311","https://openalex.org/W1968513265","https://openalex.org/W1979064340","https://openalex.org/W2003911169","https://openalex.org/W2008645499","https://openalex.org/W2026433347","https://openalex.org/W2032905890","https://openalex.org/W2033623836","https://openalex.org/W2064772169","https://openalex.org/W2070545326","https://openalex.org/W2076698873","https://openalex.org/W2079138018","https://openalex.org/W2097366413","https://openalex.org/W2107518496","https://openalex.org/W2109447246","https://openalex.org/W2113722134","https://openalex.org/W2138162238","https://openalex.org/W2140857706","https://openalex.org/W2141740710","https://openalex.org/W2152685301","https://openalex.org/W2164457256","https://openalex.org/W2399343913","https://openalex.org/W2531563875","https://openalex.org/W2560719538","https://openalex.org/W2611436475","https://openalex.org/W2899987233","https://openalex.org/W2911497883","https://openalex.org/W2911867543","https://openalex.org/W2913048043","https://openalex.org/W2914243275","https://openalex.org/W2914983426","https://openalex.org/W4386212917","https://openalex.org/W6600111199","https://openalex.org/W6603286778","https://openalex.org/W6603970889","https://openalex.org/W6604414974","https://openalex.org/W6606534042","https://openalex.org/W6607906584","https://openalex.org/W6608142069","https://openalex.org/W6629713426","https://openalex.org/W6630243725","https://openalex.org/W6631751940","https://openalex.org/W6632069875","https://openalex.org/W6632101533","https://openalex.org/W6632633039","https://openalex.org/W6632651634","https://openalex.org/W6632731876","https://openalex.org/W6632848500","https://openalex.org/W6633150887","https://openalex.org/W6633172536","https://openalex.org/W6633728294","https://openalex.org/W6634034087","https://openalex.org/W6638065767","https://openalex.org/W6665848307","https://openalex.org/W6670130000","https://openalex.org/W6676059843","https://openalex.org/W6680341452","https://openalex.org/W6680694123","https://openalex.org/W6684264593","https://openalex.org/W6712688321","https://openalex.org/W6758455911","https://openalex.org/W6759826728"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169644218","https://openalex.org/W12963412","https://openalex.org/W2250460949","https://openalex.org/W3158371345","https://openalex.org/W3141423438","https://openalex.org/W2071098659","https://openalex.org/W2627035043","https://openalex.org/W4385571113","https://openalex.org/W3030695269","https://openalex.org/W2937401546"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
