{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1994119374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0734-189x(84)80025-0","title":"Document segmentation and coding techniques","display_name":"Document segmentation and coding techniques","publication_year":1984,"publication_date":"1984-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1994119374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0734-189x(84)80025-0","mag":"1994119374"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0734-189x(84)80025-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0734-189x(84)80025-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212310","display_name":"Computer Vision Graphics and Image Processing","issn_l":"0734-189X","issn":["0734-189X","1557-895X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319955","host_organization_name":"Academic Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319955","https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Press","Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026149966","display_name":"Morton Nadler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Morton Nadler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026149966"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6782,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70696584,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"2","first_page":"240","last_page":"262"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.675287127494812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.6186933517456055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6163578033447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raster-graphics","display_name":"Raster graphics","score":0.6146962642669678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5084937810897827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagram","display_name":"Diagram","score":0.4851863980293274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4827398657798767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.41095829010009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.39191585779190063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.32753807306289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15963467955589294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.09639763832092285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.0665794312953949}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.675287127494812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.6186933517456055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6163578033447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181844469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182270","display_name":"Raster graphics","level":2,"score":0.6146962642669678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5084937810897827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186399060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959962","display_name":"Diagram","level":2,"score":0.4851863980293274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4827398657798767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.41095829010009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39191585779190063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.32753807306289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15963467955589294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.09639763832092285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0665794312953949}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0734-189x(84)80025-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0734-189x(84)80025-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212310","display_name":"Computer Vision Graphics and Image Processing","issn_l":"0734-189X","issn":["0734-189X","1557-895X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319955","host_organization_name":"Academic Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319955","https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Press","Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093392189","https://openalex.org/W2743147667","https://openalex.org/W2386874685","https://openalex.org/W2060977224","https://openalex.org/W2773877060","https://openalex.org/W2029462932","https://openalex.org/W1981620953","https://openalex.org/W604260942","https://openalex.org/W1969563281","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}