{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1979826128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0377-2217(03)00188-7","title":"Evaluating the performance of professional golfers on the PGA, LPGA and SPGA tours","display_name":"Evaluating the performance of professional golfers on the PGA, LPGA and SPGA tours","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1979826128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0377-2217(03)00188-7","mag":"1979826128"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0377-2217(03)00188-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0377-2217(03)00188-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103321696","display_name":"European Journal of Operational Research","issn_l":"0377-2217","issn":["0377-2217","1872-6860"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Operational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069874799","display_name":"Harold O. Fried","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177328695","display_name":"Union College","ror":"https://ror.org/058w5nk68","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177328695"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Harold O Fried","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, Union College, Schenectady, NY 12308, USA","Department of Economics, Union College, Schenectady, NY, 12308 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Union College, Schenectady, NY 12308, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177328695"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Union College, Schenectady, NY, 12308 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177328695"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072720031","display_name":"James Lambrinos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177328695","display_name":"Union College","ror":"https://ror.org/058w5nk68","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177328695"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Lambrinos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, Union College, Schenectady, NY 12308, USA","Department of Economics, Union College, Schenectady, NY, 12308 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Union College, Schenectady, NY 12308, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177328695"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Union College, Schenectady, NY, 12308 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177328695"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003190474","display_name":"James A. Tyner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22128675","display_name":"Albany Law School","ror":"https://ror.org/048w9r832","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22128675"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Tyner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Albany Law School, Albany, NY 12208, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Albany Law School, Albany, NY 12208, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22128675"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069874799"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177328695"],"apc_list":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0939,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86136905,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"154","issue":"2","first_page":"548","last_page":"561"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11674","display_name":"Sports Analytics and Performance","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11674","display_name":"Sports Analytics and Performance","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10357","display_name":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10841","display_name":"Economic and Environmental Valuation","score":0.9786999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.656767725944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/association","display_name":"Association (psychology)","score":0.634084939956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-envelopment-analysis","display_name":"Data envelopment analysis","score":0.58379065990448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unit","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","score":0.4700416922569275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4340939223766327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.40317532420158386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40078142285346985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.33837664127349854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.17830312252044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.656767725944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.634084939956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22088475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647974","display_name":"Data envelopment analysis","level":2,"score":0.58379065990448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122637931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118084","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","level":2,"score":0.4700416922569275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4340939223766327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.40317532420158386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40078142285346985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.33837664127349854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.17830312252044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0377-2217(03)00188-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0377-2217(03)00188-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103321696","display_name":"European Journal of Operational Research","issn_l":"0377-2217","issn":["0377-2217","1872-6860"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Operational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:ejores:v:154:y:2004:i:2:p:548-561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377-2217(03)00188-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W163349294","https://openalex.org/W1481448082","https://openalex.org/W1508671192","https://openalex.org/W1641813772","https://openalex.org/W1984867894","https://openalex.org/W2027328151","https://openalex.org/W2053639811","https://openalex.org/W2054644951","https://openalex.org/W2067056368","https://openalex.org/W2121425689","https://openalex.org/W2124370456","https://openalex.org/W2129763896","https://openalex.org/W2265190302","https://openalex.org/W3123870142","https://openalex.org/W4388062759","https://openalex.org/W6606530531","https://openalex.org/W6857552946"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2606030559","https://openalex.org/W2107258778","https://openalex.org/W2552050053","https://openalex.org/W2339531101","https://openalex.org/W2731674637","https://openalex.org/W2119158312","https://openalex.org/W2062852819","https://openalex.org/W51496479"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-06-06T09:05:17.133730","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}