{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4237983859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0360-1315(99)00042-1","title":"Preface","display_name":"Preface","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4237983859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0360-1315(99)00042-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0360-1315(99)00042-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0360-1315(99)00042-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172634","display_name":"Computers & Education","issn_l":"0360-1315","issn":["0360-1315","1873-782X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers &amp; Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071160355","display_name":"D Squires","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xyxjd90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D Squires","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Psychology, Department of Social Sciences, The Nottingham Trent University, Burton Street, Nottingham NGI 4BU, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Psychology, Department of Social Sciences, The Nottingham Trent University, Burton Street, Nottingham NGI 4BU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112700856","display_name":"Jean Underwood","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xyxjd90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J Underwood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Psychology, Department of Social Sciences, The Nottingham Trent University, Burton Street, Nottingham NGI 4BU, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Psychology, Department of Social Sciences, The Nottingham Trent University, Burton Street, Nottingham NGI 4BU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112700856"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"],"apc_list":{"value":4220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4220},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43133159,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"3-4","first_page":"159","last_page":"161"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10792","display_name":"Matrix Theory and Algorithms","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10792","display_name":"Matrix Theory and Algorithms","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11673","display_name":"Advanced Topics in Algebra","score":0.9513000249862671,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2602","display_name":"Algebra and Number Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10963","display_name":"Advanced Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9146000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2612","display_name":"Numerical Analysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.6840234994888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norm","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","score":0.6587374210357666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interval","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","score":0.6172184348106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.520673394203186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.48226815462112427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","score":0.4800354242324829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.4116191565990448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.34052973985671997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.24061772227287292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.13775569200515747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.058334290981292725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.04882749915122986}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6840234994888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191795146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3878446","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6587374210357666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778067643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166507","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.6172184348106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.520673394203186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.48226815462112427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777027219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1284190","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.4800354242324829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4116191565990448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.34052973985671997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24061772227287292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.13775569200515747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.058334290981292725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.04882749915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0360-1315(99)00042-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0360-1315(99)00042-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172634","display_name":"Computers & Education","issn_l":"0360-1315","issn":["0360-1315","1873-782X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers &amp; Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3086618278","https://openalex.org/W2582753012","https://openalex.org/W4300101497","https://openalex.org/W2378491141","https://openalex.org/W2379797514","https://openalex.org/W2391763874","https://openalex.org/W2006100586","https://openalex.org/W4300809132","https://openalex.org/W2391530279","https://openalex.org/W2103373899"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-24T08:02:53.985720","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
