{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983756188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4573(99)00049-7","title":"Natural language information retrieval: progress report","display_name":"Natural language information retrieval: progress report","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983756188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4573(99)00049-7","mag":"1983756188"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0306-4573(99)00049-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4573(99)00049-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174847851","display_name":"Information Processing & Management","issn_l":"0306-4573","issn":["0306-4573","1873-5371"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Processing & Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013857342","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 P\u00e9rez-Carballo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jose Perez-Carballo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication, Information and Library Studies, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 04612, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication, Information and Library Studies, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 04612, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073505036","display_name":"Tomek Strzalkowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4206-3985"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134512","display_name":"GE Global Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03e06qt98","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134512"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomek Strzalkowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["GE Corporate Research and Development, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GE Corporate Research and Development, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134512"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013857342"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"],"apc_list":{"value":3220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3220},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.1878,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98273724,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"1","first_page":"155","last_page":"178"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8317965269088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6907083988189697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.664383590221405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.6632922887802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.6311250925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-retrieval","display_name":"Document retrieval","score":0.5731441974639893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5510566234588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","score":0.5333172082901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.45326611399650574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4523514211177826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8317965269088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6907083988189697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.664383590221405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.6632922887802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.6311250925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161156560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1638872","display_name":"Document retrieval","level":2,"score":0.5731441974639893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5510566234588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5333172082901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.45326611399650574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4523514211177826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0306-4573(99)00049-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4573(99)00049-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174847851","display_name":"Information Processing & Management","issn_l":"0306-4573","issn":["0306-4573","1873-5371"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Processing & Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W11171803","https://openalex.org/W69295931","https://openalex.org/W73128518","https://openalex.org/W176257381","https://openalex.org/W1509769683","https://openalex.org/W1522427141","https://openalex.org/W1554385128","https://openalex.org/W1589868016","https://openalex.org/W1599836579","https://openalex.org/W1833785989","https://openalex.org/W1864657091","https://openalex.org/W2038721957","https://openalex.org/W2045577803","https://openalex.org/W2045644823","https://openalex.org/W2066395238","https://openalex.org/W2081687495","https://openalex.org/W2086253379","https://openalex.org/W2089341076","https://openalex.org/W2097802284","https://openalex.org/W2105106523","https://openalex.org/W2109837252","https://openalex.org/W2114461971","https://openalex.org/W2131915922","https://openalex.org/W2140354722","https://openalex.org/W2164547069","https://openalex.org/W2487189394","https://openalex.org/W4235505822","https://openalex.org/W4236551126","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4289257868","https://openalex.org/W6602780860","https://openalex.org/W6630622642","https://openalex.org/W6631330074","https://openalex.org/W6632942987","https://openalex.org/W6635538249","https://openalex.org/W6635811965","https://openalex.org/W6639097925","https://openalex.org/W6661700552","https://openalex.org/W6667596966","https://openalex.org/W6671280235","https://openalex.org/W6671936281","https://openalex.org/W6675599925","https://openalex.org/W6676898074","https://openalex.org/W6681211017","https://openalex.org/W6684151790","https://openalex.org/W6783387610"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3157284875","https://openalex.org/W2259406085","https://openalex.org/W2099715052","https://openalex.org/W2120435877","https://openalex.org/W4213176082","https://openalex.org/W4220955952","https://openalex.org/W1566366091","https://openalex.org/W3209772662","https://openalex.org/W2908402521","https://openalex.org/W4200629926"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}