{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2001198806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4573(96)00074-x","title":"Two-level document ranking using mutual information in natural language information retrieval","display_name":"Two-level document ranking using mutual information in natural language information retrieval","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2001198806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4573(96)00074-x","mag":"2001198806"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0306-4573(96)00074-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4573(96)00074-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174847851","display_name":"Information Processing & Management","issn_l":"0306-4573","issn":["0306-4573","1873-5371"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Processing & Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019761462","display_name":"Hyun-Kyu Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5140-959X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hyun-Kyu Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 373-1, Kusung-dong, Yusong-gu, Taejon, 305-701, Korea","Natural Language Processing Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute 161, Kajong-dong, Yusong-gu, Taejon, 305-350, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 373-1, Kusung-dong, Yusong-gu, Taejon, 305-701, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural Language Processing Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute 161, Kajong-dong, Yusong-gu, Taejon, 305-350, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109966554","display_name":"Key\u2010Sun Choi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Key-Sun Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 373-1, Kusung-dong, Yusong-gu, Taejon, 305-701, Korea","Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Kusung-dong Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-701, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 373-1, Kusung-dong, Yusong-gu, Taejon, 305-701, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Kusung-dong Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-701, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019761462"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I157485424"],"apc_list":{"value":3220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3220},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8439,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93770328,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"3","first_page":"289","last_page":"306"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.827109694480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.8082075715065002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.7674862146377563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutual-information","display_name":"Mutual information","score":0.5927713513374329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.5429915189743042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-retrieval","display_name":"Document retrieval","score":0.4919874370098114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-expansion","display_name":"Query expansion","score":0.44624561071395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4164019227027893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.2748943567276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.2612672448158264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25152307748794556}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.827109694480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.8082075715065002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.7674862146377563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152139883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252973","display_name":"Mutual information","level":2,"score":0.5927713513374329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.5429915189743042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161156560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1638872","display_name":"Document retrieval","level":2,"score":0.4919874370098114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99016210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5488129","display_name":"Query expansion","level":2,"score":0.44624561071395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4164019227027893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2748943567276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2612672448158264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25152307748794556}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0306-4573(96)00074-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4573(96)00074-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174847851","display_name":"Information Processing & Management","issn_l":"0306-4573","issn":["0306-4573","1873-5371"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Processing & Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W200238553","https://openalex.org/W1557757161","https://openalex.org/W1593045043","https://openalex.org/W1833785989","https://openalex.org/W1956559956","https://openalex.org/W1970945111","https://openalex.org/W1978394996","https://openalex.org/W1984581259","https://openalex.org/W1997841190","https://openalex.org/W2000672666","https://openalex.org/W2004100431","https://openalex.org/W2009716188","https://openalex.org/W2034267313","https://openalex.org/W2043909051","https://openalex.org/W2063166914","https://openalex.org/W2066667100","https://openalex.org/W2066873261","https://openalex.org/W2068632118","https://openalex.org/W2069564398","https://openalex.org/W2078875869","https://openalex.org/W2085685753","https://openalex.org/W2087499664","https://openalex.org/W2112534381","https://openalex.org/W2123127954","https://openalex.org/W2129094996","https://openalex.org/W2131915922","https://openalex.org/W2144211451","https://openalex.org/W2152096275","https://openalex.org/W2155825896","https://openalex.org/W2164547069","https://openalex.org/W2270210878","https://openalex.org/W2319450384","https://openalex.org/W2325227998","https://openalex.org/W2911779492","https://openalex.org/W2914856469","https://openalex.org/W4289259401","https://openalex.org/W6608209521","https://openalex.org/W6635456232","https://openalex.org/W6642790276","https://openalex.org/W6652784280","https://openalex.org/W6666996415","https://openalex.org/W6667640305","https://openalex.org/W6672514264","https://openalex.org/W6682278128","https://openalex.org/W6683362904","https://openalex.org/W6684151790","https://openalex.org/W6758093478","https://openalex.org/W6759199552"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2466816617","https://openalex.org/W1970834875","https://openalex.org/W3174028392","https://openalex.org/W2118564381","https://openalex.org/W8610723","https://openalex.org/W4389519110","https://openalex.org/W2189581250","https://openalex.org/W4312049095","https://openalex.org/W1983756188","https://openalex.org/W2163816051"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}