{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1996326979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4573(00)00009-1","title":"Similarity measurement using term negative weight and its application to word similarity","display_name":"Similarity measurement using term negative weight and its application to word similarity","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1996326979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4573(00)00009-1","mag":"1996326979"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0306-4573(00)00009-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4573(00)00009-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174847851","display_name":"Information Processing & Management","issn_l":"0306-4573","issn":["0306-4573","1873-5371"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Processing & Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110428956","display_name":"El\u2010Sayed Atlam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I922474255","display_name":"Tokushima University","ror":"https://ror.org/044vy1d05","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"El-Sayed Atlam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan","Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110024598","display_name":"Masao Fuketa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I922474255","display_name":"Tokushima University","ror":"https://ror.org/044vy1d05","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masao Fuketa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan","Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110568816","display_name":"Kazuhiro Morita","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I922474255","display_name":"Tokushima University","ror":"https://ror.org/044vy1d05","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kazuhiro Morita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan","Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112378086","display_name":"Jun\u2010ichi Aoe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I922474255","display_name":"Tokushima University","ror":"https://ror.org/044vy1d05","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun-ichi Aoe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan","Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110428956"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"],"apc_list":{"value":3220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3220},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0655,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.822866,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"5","first_page":"717","last_page":"736"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.8294338583946228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.780508279800415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.6500591039657593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tf\u2013idf","display_name":"tf\u2013idf","score":0.6416552662849426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noun","display_name":"Noun","score":0.6364965438842773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verb","display_name":"Verb","score":0.6028296947479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse","display_name":"Inverse","score":0.5497258305549622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.543603241443634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5371556878089905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weight-function","display_name":"Weight function","score":0.5321599245071411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5316187739372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5005955696105957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.47457221150398254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4610511362552643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4403691291809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-and-recall","display_name":"Precision and recall","score":0.4316539168357849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-lists-by-frequency","display_name":"Word lists by frequency","score":0.4122352600097656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2486628293991089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.13616067171096802}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.8294338583946228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.780508279800415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.6500591039657593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81758059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796584","display_name":"tf\u2013idf","level":3,"score":0.6416552662849426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121934690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1084","display_name":"Noun","level":2,"score":0.6364965438842773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776397901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24905","display_name":"Verb","level":2,"score":0.6028296947479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.5497258305549622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.543603241443634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5371556878089905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134466208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1520657","display_name":"Weight function","level":2,"score":0.5321599245071411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5316187739372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5005955696105957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.47457221150398254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4610511362552643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4403691291809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.4316539168357849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175293574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q697133","display_name":"Word lists by frequency","level":3,"score":0.4122352600097656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2486628293991089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.13616067171096802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0306-4573(00)00009-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4573(00)00009-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174847851","display_name":"Information Processing & Management","issn_l":"0306-4573","issn":["0306-4573","1873-5371"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Processing & Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309370","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570542661","https://openalex.org/W1582001079","https://openalex.org/W1971666241","https://openalex.org/W1980910426","https://openalex.org/W2017846513","https://openalex.org/W2045361614","https://openalex.org/W2050266108","https://openalex.org/W2059596073","https://openalex.org/W2107827038","https://openalex.org/W2107914787","https://openalex.org/W2126502509","https://openalex.org/W2134199742","https://openalex.org/W2325227998","https://openalex.org/W2561277497","https://openalex.org/W6634059332","https://openalex.org/W6679797431"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2382433580","https://openalex.org/W2100326285","https://openalex.org/W3004397018","https://openalex.org/W2169105971","https://openalex.org/W2887719218","https://openalex.org/W2768950129","https://openalex.org/W2968390902","https://openalex.org/W116095830","https://openalex.org/W2917710364","https://openalex.org/W4390992395"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}