{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991636160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3975(02)00070-1","title":"McNaughton families of languages","display_name":"McNaughton families of languages","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991636160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3975(02)00070-1","mag":"1991636160"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0304-3975(02)00070-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3975(02)00070-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90727058","display_name":"Theoretical Computer Science","issn_l":"0304-3975","issn":["0304-3975","1879-2294"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theoretical Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048080982","display_name":"Marie\u2010Claude Beaudry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9955-8228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Beaudry","raw_affiliation_strings":["D\u00e9partement de math\u00e9matique et informatique, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada J1K 2R1","D\u00e9partement de math\u00e9matique et informatique, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada J1K 2R1#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"D\u00e9partement de math\u00e9matique et informatique, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada J1K 2R1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"D\u00e9partement de math\u00e9matique et informatique, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada J1K 2R1#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016664760","display_name":"Markus Holzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4224-4014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Holzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Informatik, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Arcisstra\u00dfe 21, 80290 M\u00fcnchen, Germany","Institut f\u00fcr Informatik, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Arcisstra\u03b2e 21, 80290 M\u00fcnchen, Germany#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Informatik, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Arcisstra\u00dfe 21, 80290 M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Informatik, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Arcisstra\u03b2e 21, 80290 M\u00fcnchen, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108498662","display_name":"G.K. Niemann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106157433","display_name":"University of Kassel","ror":"https://ror.org/04zc7p361","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106157433"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Niemann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fachbereich Mathematik/Informatik, Universit\u00e4t Kassel, 34109 Kassel, Germany","Fachbereich Mathematik/Informatik, Universit\u00e4t Kassel, 34109 Kassel, Germany#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fachbereich Mathematik/Informatik, Universit\u00e4t Kassel, 34109 Kassel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106157433"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fachbereich Mathematik/Informatik, Universit\u00e4t Kassel, 34109 Kassel, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106157433"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041946827","display_name":"F. Otto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0382-042X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106157433","display_name":"University of Kassel","ror":"https://ror.org/04zc7p361","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106157433"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"F. Otto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fachbereich Mathematik/Informatik, Universit\u00e4t Kassel, 34109 Kassel, Germany","Fachbereich Mathematik/Informatik, Universit\u00e4t Kassel, 34109 Kassel, Germany#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fachbereich Mathematik/Informatik, Universit\u00e4t Kassel, 34109 Kassel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106157433"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fachbereich Mathematik/Informatik, Universit\u00e4t Kassel, 34109 Kassel, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106157433"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041946827"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106157433"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9325,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90896359,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"290","issue":"3","first_page":"1581","last_page":"1628"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chomsky-hierarchy","display_name":"Chomsky hierarchy","score":0.7530282735824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rewriting","display_name":"Rewriting","score":0.7493448853492737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstract-family-of-languages","display_name":"Abstract family of languages","score":0.6656642556190491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-language","display_name":"Formal language","score":0.6459090113639832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/string","display_name":"String (physics)","score":0.621406078338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closure","display_name":"Closure (psychology)","score":0.581721305847168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.5325775742530823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recursively-enumerable-language","display_name":"Recursively enumerable language","score":0.5139100551605225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5113353133201599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cone","display_name":"Cone (formal languages)","score":0.5028347373008728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complexity-class","display_name":"Complexity class","score":0.49206894636154175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confluence","display_name":"Confluence","score":0.49087196588516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4671803116798401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.46300461888313293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turing-machine","display_name":"Turing machine","score":0.4546357989311218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-language","display_name":"Regular language","score":0.43972456455230713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-family","display_name":"Language family","score":0.43839937448501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.41979196667671204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automaton","display_name":"Automaton","score":0.3127339482307434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.31023645401000977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3060845136642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.2891603708267212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.24953457713127136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15830811858177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.14718753099441528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-generation-programming-language","display_name":"Second-generation programming language","score":0.11286365985870361}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92273848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190913","display_name":"Chomsky hierarchy","level":3,"score":0.7530282735824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154690210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1668499","display_name":"Rewriting","level":2,"score":0.7493448853492737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199163288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3065587","display_name":"Abstract family of languages","level":5,"score":0.6656642556190491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146072743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192161","display_name":"Formal language","level":2,"score":0.6459090113639832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157486923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376436","display_name":"String (physics)","level":2,"score":0.621406078338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146834321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2979672","display_name":"Closure (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.581721305847168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.5325775742530823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203702658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073063","display_name":"Recursively enumerable language","level":2,"score":0.5139100551605225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5113353133201599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30014739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159445","display_name":"Cone (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.5028347373008728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39637292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908207","display_name":"Complexity class","level":3,"score":0.49206894636154175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77906462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140902","display_name":"Confluence","level":2,"score":0.49087196588516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4671803116798401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.46300461888313293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29248071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163310","display_name":"Turing machine","level":3,"score":0.4546357989311218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52370388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752532","display_name":"Regular language","level":3,"score":0.43972456455230713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780566098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25295","display_name":"Language family","level":2,"score":0.43839937448501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.41979196667671204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112505250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787116","display_name":"Automaton","level":2,"score":0.3127339482307434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.31023645401000977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3060845136642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2891603708267212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.24953457713127136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15830811858177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.14718753099441528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11164408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18657800","display_name":"Second-generation programming language","level":4,"score":0.11286365985870361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50033165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15712089","display_name":"Inductive programming","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0304-3975(02)00070-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3975(02)00070-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90727058","display_name":"Theoretical Computer Science","issn_l":"0304-3975","issn":["0304-3975","1879-2294"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theoretical Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W67747506","https://openalex.org/W615345195","https://openalex.org/W1496412704","https://openalex.org/W1497949336","https://openalex.org/W1535681052","https://openalex.org/W1594760788","https://openalex.org/W1964534500","https://openalex.org/W1970379778","https://openalex.org/W1979328074","https://openalex.org/W1984896712","https://openalex.org/W1990870868","https://openalex.org/W1996878052","https://openalex.org/W1999647826","https://openalex.org/W2002089154","https://openalex.org/W2033706603","https://openalex.org/W2034188445","https://openalex.org/W2038247515","https://openalex.org/W2053350018","https://openalex.org/W2057232839","https://openalex.org/W2057834256","https://openalex.org/W2075639491","https://openalex.org/W2077543142","https://openalex.org/W2107193285","https://openalex.org/W2132750992","https://openalex.org/W2400283444","https://openalex.org/W2632078856","https://openalex.org/W4302339081","https://openalex.org/W4302964898","https://openalex.org/W6619233846","https://openalex.org/W6629846057","https://openalex.org/W6630400633","https://openalex.org/W6635484485","https://openalex.org/W6659819213","https://openalex.org/W6675911716"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2802995915","https://openalex.org/W2037441184","https://openalex.org/W2002565773","https://openalex.org/W56790015","https://openalex.org/W2687470277","https://openalex.org/W2795832752","https://openalex.org/W1484685742","https://openalex.org/W1588411128","https://openalex.org/W2072965782","https://openalex.org/W2965180627"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T14:07:55.174380","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
