{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1977854925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0262-8856(02)00052-5","title":"Performing automatic target detection with evolvable finite state automata","display_name":"Performing automatic target detection with evolvable finite state automata","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1977854925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0262-8856(02)00052-5","mag":"1977854925"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0262-8856(02)00052-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0262-8856(02)00052-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177430994","display_name":"Image and Vision Computing","issn_l":"0262-8856","issn":["0262-8856","1872-8138"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Image and Vision Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084189600","display_name":"Karl Benson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173869447","display_name":"Qinetiq (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f60yb64","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173869447"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karl Benson","raw_affiliation_strings":["QinetiQ, Malvern Technology Centre, St Andrews Road, Malvern, Worcestershire WR14 3PS, UK","QinetiQ, Malvern Technology Centre, St. Andrews Road, Malvern, Worcestershire WR14 3PS, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QinetiQ, Malvern Technology Centre, St Andrews Road, Malvern, Worcestershire WR14 3PS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173869447"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"QinetiQ, Malvern Technology Centre, St. Andrews Road, Malvern, Worcestershire WR14 3PS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173869447"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084189600"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173869447"],"apc_list":{"value":2270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2270},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2852,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82040664,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"9-10","first_page":"631","last_page":"638"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant","display_name":"Discriminant","score":0.8247990012168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.6973066329956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5951918363571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant-function-analysis","display_name":"Discriminant function analysis","score":0.5859556198120117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automaton","display_name":"Automaton","score":0.556229829788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5453616380691528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.535554826259613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5276314616203308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Optimal discriminant analysis","score":0.527182936668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4911627471446991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.48516517877578735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.47095900774002075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.4240909814834595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3956754207611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.34500592947006226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3416202664375305}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78397625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192487","display_name":"Discriminant","level":2,"score":0.8247990012168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.6973066329956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5951918363571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41771347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Discriminant function analysis","level":2,"score":0.5859556198120117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112505250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787116","display_name":"Automaton","level":2,"score":0.556229829788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5453616380691528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.535554826259613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5276314616203308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104500394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17104912","display_name":"Optimal discriminant analysis","level":3,"score":0.527182936668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4911627471446991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.48516517877578735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.47095900774002075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.4240909814834595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3956754207611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34500592947006226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3416202664375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0262-8856(02)00052-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0262-8856(02)00052-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177430994","display_name":"Image and Vision Computing","issn_l":"0262-8856","issn":["0262-8856","1872-8138"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Image and Vision Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W192997555","https://openalex.org/W1506729496","https://openalex.org/W1534346685","https://openalex.org/W1576818901","https://openalex.org/W1587641199","https://openalex.org/W2054587994","https://openalex.org/W2074138018","https://openalex.org/W2109779438","https://openalex.org/W2145388359","https://openalex.org/W2154808242","https://openalex.org/W2166280719","https://openalex.org/W2695777493","https://openalex.org/W6601962754","https://openalex.org/W6607853732","https://openalex.org/W6630338992","https://openalex.org/W6676553272"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1534459252","https://openalex.org/W2544441948","https://openalex.org/W4238888834","https://openalex.org/W2025089370","https://openalex.org/W1964346966","https://openalex.org/W4254109204","https://openalex.org/W1984080040","https://openalex.org/W2162393942","https://openalex.org/W1496788032","https://openalex.org/W2075660794"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}