{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2020917975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8655(98)00142-1","title":"Unsupervised fuzzy clustering","display_name":"Unsupervised fuzzy clustering","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2020917975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8655(98)00142-1","mag":"2020917975"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0167-8655(98)00142-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8655(98)00142-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151820558","display_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","issn_l":"0167-8655","issn":["0167-8655","1872-7344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111695623","display_name":"N. Zahid","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126477371","display_name":"Mohammed V University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N. Zahid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire Conception et Syst\u00e8mes, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Mohammed V-AGDAL, B.P. 1014 Av. Ibn Battouta, Rabat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire Conception et Syst\u00e8mes, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Mohammed V-AGDAL, B.P. 1014 Av. Ibn Battouta, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126477371","https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063382990","display_name":"O. Abouelala","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126477371","display_name":"Mohammed V University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O. Abouelala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire Conception et Syst\u00e8mes, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Mohammed V-AGDAL, B.P. 1014 Av. Ibn Battouta, Rabat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire Conception et Syst\u00e8mes, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Mohammed V-AGDAL, B.P. 1014 Av. Ibn Battouta, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126477371","https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111735958","display_name":"M. Limouri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126477371","display_name":"Mohammed V University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Limouri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire Conception et Syst\u00e8mes, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Mohammed V-AGDAL, B.P. 1014 Av. Ibn Battouta, Rabat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire Conception et Syst\u00e8mes, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Mohammed V-AGDAL, B.P. 1014 Av. Ibn Battouta, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126477371","https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111066676","display_name":"A. Essaid","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126477371","display_name":"Mohammed V University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Essaid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire Conception et Syst\u00e8mes, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Mohammed V-AGDAL, B.P. 1014 Av. Ibn Battouta, Rabat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire Conception et Syst\u00e8mes, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Mohammed V-AGDAL, B.P. 1014 Av. Ibn Battouta, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126477371","https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111695623"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126477371","https://openalex.org/I4210145365"],"apc_list":{"value":2270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2270},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8513,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94981299,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"123","last_page":"129"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.8101256489753723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-clustering","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","score":0.7123912572860718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5947075486183167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5406212210655212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5315598845481873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation-clustering","display_name":"Correlation clustering","score":0.4696368873119354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.46261292695999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carry","display_name":"Carry (investment)","score":0.43248021602630615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4265802800655365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","score":0.4265235960483551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3696996867656708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33103716373443604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.8101256489753723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17212007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511111","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","level":3,"score":0.7123912572860718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5947075486183167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5406212210655212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5315598845481873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94641424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172845","display_name":"Correlation clustering","level":3,"score":0.4696368873119354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.46261292695999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776299755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432449","display_name":"Carry (investment)","level":2,"score":0.43248021602630615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4265802800655365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.4265235960483551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3696996867656708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33103716373443604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0167-8655(98)00142-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8655(98)00142-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151820558","display_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","issn_l":"0167-8655","issn":["0167-8655","1872-7344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W190633099","https://openalex.org/W561844438","https://openalex.org/W1978136334","https://openalex.org/W1990368529","https://openalex.org/W2025242337","https://openalex.org/W2031053621","https://openalex.org/W2040895929","https://openalex.org/W2051526030","https://openalex.org/W2053677366","https://openalex.org/W2077643774","https://openalex.org/W2087115982","https://openalex.org/W2094510831","https://openalex.org/W2113076747","https://openalex.org/W2130070473","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6605154018"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1999117613","https://openalex.org/W2040929534","https://openalex.org/W3022637481","https://openalex.org/W4224807364","https://openalex.org/W2596632494","https://openalex.org/W2945382830","https://openalex.org/W4312412183","https://openalex.org/W4292434959","https://openalex.org/W2535986621","https://openalex.org/W4388110928"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}