{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007956495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6423(01)00024-7","title":"Pitfalls of formality in early system design","display_name":"Pitfalls of formality in early system design","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007956495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6423(01)00024-7","mag":"2007956495"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0167-6423(01)00024-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6423(01)00024-7","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167642301000247/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S21029587","display_name":"Science of Computer Programming","issn_l":"0167-6423","issn":["0167-6423","1872-7964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science of Computer Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167642301000247/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088759847","display_name":"David Robertson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7031-7212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Robertson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, 80 South Bridge, Edinburgh EH1 1HN, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, 80 South Bridge, Edinburgh EH1 1HN, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088759847"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":{"value":2460,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2460},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5531,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7920302,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"1","first_page":"29","last_page":"38"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8903188705444336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formality","display_name":"Formality","score":0.8646254539489746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.5729230046272278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.531360387802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4285309314727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.3502642512321472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.09097951650619507}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8903188705444336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777159308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757948","display_name":"Formality","level":2,"score":0.8646254539489746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.5729230046272278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.531360387802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4285309314727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3502642512321472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.09097951650619507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0167-6423(01)00024-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6423(01)00024-7","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167642301000247/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S21029587","display_name":"Science of Computer Programming","issn_l":"0167-6423","issn":["0167-6423","1872-7964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science of Computer Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.56.1278","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.56.1278","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.dai.ed.ac.uk/groups/ssp/psfiles/dave/monterey2.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0167-6423(01)00024-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6423(01)00024-7","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167642301000247/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S21029587","display_name":"Science of Computer Programming","issn_l":"0167-6423","issn":["0167-6423","1872-7964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science of Computer Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2007956495.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2007956495.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480303598","https://openalex.org/W1554047564","https://openalex.org/W1846426195","https://openalex.org/W1988161832","https://openalex.org/W2015688007","https://openalex.org/W2047219813","https://openalex.org/W2117322118","https://openalex.org/W2121128182","https://openalex.org/W2124957697","https://openalex.org/W2158069240","https://openalex.org/W2162217320","https://openalex.org/W2963651277","https://openalex.org/W6633488408"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2480381080","https://openalex.org/W2329847998","https://openalex.org/W2193232575","https://openalex.org/W138719379","https://openalex.org/W1838148781","https://openalex.org/W4250466770","https://openalex.org/W1591622305","https://openalex.org/W1587246512","https://openalex.org/W2913714777","https://openalex.org/W61995002"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-02T14:50:37.381335","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
