{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2127611282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6393(99)00037-0","title":"Stochastic pronunciation modelling from hand-labelled phonetic corpora","display_name":"Stochastic pronunciation modelling from hand-labelled phonetic corpora","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2127611282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6393(99)00037-0","mag":"2127611282"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0167-6393(99)00037-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6393(99)00037-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128025751","display_name":"Speech Communication","issn_l":"0167-6393","issn":["0167-6393","1872-7182"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Speech Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014137885","display_name":"Michael Riley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9449-025X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Riley","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT&T Labs \u2013 Research, Room E141, 180 Park Florham Park, NJ 07932, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Labs \u2013 Research, Room E141, 180 Park Florham Park, NJ 07932, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"William Byrne","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Byrne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103138098","display_name":"Michael Finke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2355-7779"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Finke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014580424","display_name":"Sanjeev Khudanpur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5976-0897"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjeev Khudanpur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060308914","display_name":"Andrej Ljolje","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrej Ljolje","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT&T Labs \u2013 Research, Room E141, 180 Park Florham Park, NJ 07932, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Labs \u2013 Research, Room E141, 180 Park Florham Park, NJ 07932, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106034394","display_name":"John McDonough","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John McDonough","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108291571","display_name":"Harriet J. Nock","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harriet Nock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cambridge University Engineering Department, Cambridge, UK","Cambridge University, Engineering Department , Cambridge, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge University Engineering Department, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge University, Engineering Department , Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055086464","display_name":"Murat Sara\u00e7lar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7435-8510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murat Saraclar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Charles Wooters","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330347796","display_name":"United States Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Wooters","raw_affiliation_strings":["US Department of Defense, Fort Meade, MD, USA","US Dept. of Defense, Fort Meade, MD, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"US Department of Defense, Fort Meade, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"US Dept. of Defense, Fort Meade, MD, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051114627","display_name":"G. Zavaliagkos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128697","display_name":"Buckingham Browne & Nichols","ror":"https://ror.org/030p1h383","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128697"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Zavaliagkos","raw_affiliation_strings":["BBN, Cambridge, MA, USA","BBN, Cambridge, MA, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BBN, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128697"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BBN, Cambridge, MA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128697"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014137885"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"],"apc_list":{"value":2870,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2870},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.0721,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":119,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99016245,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"2-4","first_page":"209","last_page":"224"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pronunciation","display_name":"Pronunciation","score":0.851283609867096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.836280107498169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6109867095947266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5943700671195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timit","display_name":"TIMIT","score":0.5575547814369202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5405944585800171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-corpus","display_name":"Speech corpus","score":0.5287461280822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lexicon","display_name":"Lexicon","score":0.5044828653335571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.461072713136673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4592994749546051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.31605109572410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.2622659206390381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-synthesis","display_name":"Speech synthesis","score":0.2126954197883606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780844864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184377","display_name":"Pronunciation","level":2,"score":0.851283609867096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.836280107498169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6109867095947266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5943700671195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778724510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7670405","display_name":"TIMIT","level":3,"score":0.5575547814369202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5405944585800171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91863865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4349497","display_name":"Speech corpus","level":3,"score":0.5287461280822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778121359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8096","display_name":"Lexicon","level":2,"score":0.5044828653335571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.461072713136673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4592994749546051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.31605109572410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.2622659206390381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14999030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16346","display_name":"Speech synthesis","level":2,"score":0.2126954197883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0167-6393(99)00037-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6393(99)00037-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128025751","display_name":"Speech Communication","issn_l":"0167-6393","issn":["0167-6393","1872-7182"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Speech Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.219.4405","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.219.4405","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.clsp.jhu.edu/people/byrne/ppubs/pmod.etrw98.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.48.3613","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3613","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.is.cs.cmu.edu/~finkem/ps/etrw98.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:generic.eprints.org:336555","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publications.eng.cam.ac.uk/336555/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922847","display_name":"Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W106639616","https://openalex.org/W116351045","https://openalex.org/W183551973","https://openalex.org/W187680888","https://openalex.org/W1504959038","https://openalex.org/W1520302542","https://openalex.org/W1553969202","https://openalex.org/W1565967034","https://openalex.org/W1579089397","https://openalex.org/W1583239513","https://openalex.org/W1952705488","https://openalex.org/W1992153276","https://openalex.org/W1997930093","https://openalex.org/W2059770142","https://openalex.org/W2120404693","https://openalex.org/W2127646729","https://openalex.org/W2143650393","https://openalex.org/W2156298206","https://openalex.org/W2164098806","https://openalex.org/W2397428686","https://openalex.org/W2404979693","https://openalex.org/W3085162807","https://openalex.org/W6624852173","https://openalex.org/W6980779235"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2155033763","https://openalex.org/W3134920593","https://openalex.org/W1990589093","https://openalex.org/W2501000458","https://openalex.org/W1578749070","https://openalex.org/W2146842779","https://openalex.org/W2148099973","https://openalex.org/W3127686677","https://openalex.org/W2340308015","https://openalex.org/W2083296885"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}