{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2080723515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6393(99)00036-9","title":"Maximum likelihood modelling of pronunciation variation","display_name":"Maximum likelihood modelling of pronunciation variation","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2080723515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6393(99)00036-9","mag":"2080723515"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0167-6393(99)00036-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6393(99)00036-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128025751","display_name":"Speech Communication","issn_l":"0167-6393","issn":["0167-6393","1872-7182"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Speech Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072779178","display_name":"Trym Holter","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173888879","display_name":"SINTEF","ror":"https://ror.org/01f677e56","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Trym Holter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signal Processing and Systems Design, SINTEF Telecom and Informatics, O.S. Bragstads plass 2, 7465 Trondheim, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Processing and Systems Design, SINTEF Telecom and Informatics, O.S. Bragstads plass 2, 7465 Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055323428","display_name":"Torbj\u00f8rn Svendsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0578-7941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Torbj\u00f8rn Svendsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Telecommunications, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Telecommunications, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072779178"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"],"apc_list":{"value":2870,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2870},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1946,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9543792,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"2-4","first_page":"177","last_page":"191"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pronunciation","display_name":"Pronunciation","score":0.7574054002761841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.6083520650863647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5825772881507874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.4927068054676056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48657405376434326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.45359912514686584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2273319661617279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.14443567395210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08285456895828247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780844864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184377","display_name":"Pronunciation","level":2,"score":0.7574054002761841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6083520650863647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5825772881507874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.4927068054676056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48657405376434326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.45359912514686584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2273319661617279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.14443567395210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08285456895828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0167-6393(99)00036-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6393(99)00036-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128025751","display_name":"Speech Communication","issn_l":"0167-6393","issn":["0167-6393","1872-7182"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Speech Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.51.2398","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.51.2398","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.tele.ntnu.no/users/holter/publications/esca.ps","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W77847722","https://openalex.org/W189838809","https://openalex.org/W1501273589","https://openalex.org/W1520302542","https://openalex.org/W1643320849","https://openalex.org/W1763005514","https://openalex.org/W1932968309","https://openalex.org/W1949782964","https://openalex.org/W1976795180","https://openalex.org/W1987899306","https://openalex.org/W1995872006","https://openalex.org/W2036102925","https://openalex.org/W2066452495","https://openalex.org/W2120234416","https://openalex.org/W2121155963","https://openalex.org/W2123700259","https://openalex.org/W2125142492","https://openalex.org/W2128780426","https://openalex.org/W2134383396","https://openalex.org/W2137919556","https://openalex.org/W2143980933","https://openalex.org/W2157754466","https://openalex.org/W2158598479","https://openalex.org/W2160645305","https://openalex.org/W2162362731","https://openalex.org/W2168513153","https://openalex.org/W6629907700"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2183593636","https://openalex.org/W2350724007","https://openalex.org/W2136763963","https://openalex.org/W2109705048","https://openalex.org/W2940588515","https://openalex.org/W1909151225","https://openalex.org/W2160030256","https://openalex.org/W1521297879","https://openalex.org/W4253235840","https://openalex.org/W3151937861"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
