{"id":"https://openalex.org/W195038832","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4048(97)80193-9","title":"Where have all the hackers gone?","display_name":"Where have all the hackers gone?","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W195038832","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4048(97)80193-9","mag":"195038832"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0167-4048(97)80193-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4048(97)80193-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12529635","display_name":"Computers & Security","issn_l":"0167-4048","issn":["0167-4048","1872-6208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers & Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020788569","display_name":"Tom Mulhall","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tom Mulhall","raw_affiliation_strings":["BT Security and Investigations, Libra House, Sunrise Parkway, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK14 6PH, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BT Security and Investigations, Libra House, Sunrise Parkway, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK14 6PH, UK","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020788569"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0499288,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"4","first_page":"298","last_page":"303"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.35100001096725464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.35100001096725464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hacker","display_name":"Hacker","score":0.9158610105514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6289730668067932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5606243014335632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.41335529088974}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86844869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798820","display_name":"Hacker","level":2,"score":0.9158610105514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6289730668067932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5606243014335632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.41335529088974}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0167-4048(97)80193-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4048(97)80193-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12529635","display_name":"Computers & Security","issn_l":"0167-4048","issn":["0167-4048","1872-6208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers & Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2921504876","https://openalex.org/W1982580243","https://openalex.org/W2183730421","https://openalex.org/W2551868243","https://openalex.org/W2725637128","https://openalex.org/W2897593657","https://openalex.org/W3006507989","https://openalex.org/W2371430952","https://openalex.org/W2381740503"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}