{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2058092252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0164-1212(96)00159-8","title":"A model for estimating efforts required for developing small-scale business applications","display_name":"A model for estimating efforts required for developing small-scale business applications","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2058092252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0164-1212(96)00159-8","mag":"2058092252"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0164-1212(96)00159-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0164-1212(96)00159-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37879656","display_name":"Journal of Systems and Software","issn_l":"0164-1212","issn":["0164-1212","1873-1228"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Systems and Software","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050792757","display_name":"Abbas Heiat","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193198326","display_name":"Montana State University Billings","ror":"https://ror.org/01tj58m37","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193198326","https://openalex.org/I4210126032"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abbas Heiat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Montana State University-Billings 1500 N. 30th Street, Billings, MT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Montana State University-Billings 1500 N. 30th Street, Billings, MT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193198326"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022215545","display_name":"Nafisseh Heiat","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193198326","display_name":"Montana State University Billings","ror":"https://ror.org/01tj58m37","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193198326","https://openalex.org/I4210126032"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nafisseh Heiat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Montana State University-Billings 1500 N. 30th Street, Billings, MT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Montana State University-Billings 1500 N. 30th Street, Billings, MT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193198326"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050792757"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193198326"],"apc_list":{"value":3350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3350},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0238,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83981439,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"1","first_page":"7","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function-point","display_name":"Function point","score":0.8084450960159302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-lines-of-code","display_name":"Source lines of code","score":0.64829021692276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6466642022132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.623833954334259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.621359646320343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5843198299407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5114697217941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4390435516834259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4136904180049896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-engineering","display_name":"Industrial engineering","score":0.3391706943511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.32287222146987915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21015429496765137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10194113850593567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.09809237718582153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151223460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1277601","display_name":"Function point","level":4,"score":0.8084450960159302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199519371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942695","display_name":"Source lines of code","level":3,"score":0.64829021692276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6466642022132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.623833954334259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.621359646320343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5843198299407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5114697217941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4390435516834259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4136904180049896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13736549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4489420","display_name":"Industrial engineering","level":1,"score":0.3391706943511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.32287222146987915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21015429496765137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10194113850593567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.09809237718582153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0164-1212(96)00159-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0164-1212(96)00159-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37879656","display_name":"Journal of Systems and Software","issn_l":"0164-1212","issn":["0164-1212","1873-1228"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Systems and Software","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5099999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W62651538","https://openalex.org/W1500319018","https://openalex.org/W1569420604","https://openalex.org/W1575961892","https://openalex.org/W1587080007","https://openalex.org/W1991293812","https://openalex.org/W1994410397","https://openalex.org/W2029739974","https://openalex.org/W2039076937","https://openalex.org/W2075848956","https://openalex.org/W2107523859","https://openalex.org/W2111896788","https://openalex.org/W2115707558","https://openalex.org/W2122000464","https://openalex.org/W2124330866","https://openalex.org/W2147417089","https://openalex.org/W2151409568","https://openalex.org/W2156310663","https://openalex.org/W2158864412","https://openalex.org/W2171816001","https://openalex.org/W2610438830","https://openalex.org/W2745073526","https://openalex.org/W2798326610","https://openalex.org/W2896914418","https://openalex.org/W3213422946","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6676281651","https://openalex.org/W6723832736","https://openalex.org/W6742505007","https://openalex.org/W6804146335"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2382612895","https://openalex.org/W1978373282","https://openalex.org/W2272797984","https://openalex.org/W4235242776","https://openalex.org/W2078619386","https://openalex.org/W4386665383","https://openalex.org/W1594950894","https://openalex.org/W2107523859","https://openalex.org/W2087251745","https://openalex.org/W1977852392"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
