{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2178592554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2458(08)60498-2","title":"An Overview of High-Level Languages","display_name":"An Overview of High-Level Languages","publication_year":1981,"publication_date":"1981-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2178592554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2458(08)60498-2","mag":"2178592554"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0065-2458(08)60498-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2458(08)60498-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183285281","display_name":"Advances in computers","issn_l":"0065-2458","issn":["0065-2458"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Computers","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042635689","display_name":"Jean \u0395. Sammet","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153694","display_name":"Rho (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/049ba1e57","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153694"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jean E. Sammet","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Federal Systems Division Bethesda, Maryland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Federal Systems Division Bethesda, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153694"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042635689"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153694"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24048096,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"199","last_page":"259"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6084306836128235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.37748196721076965}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6084306836128235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.37748196721076965}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0065-2458(08)60498-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2458(08)60498-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183285281","display_name":"Advances in computers","issn_l":"0065-2458","issn":["0065-2458"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Computers","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19425227","https://openalex.org/W194593597","https://openalex.org/W655501358","https://openalex.org/W1216975658","https://openalex.org/W1504743016","https://openalex.org/W1525811688","https://openalex.org/W1533440023","https://openalex.org/W1533710763","https://openalex.org/W1542049623","https://openalex.org/W1578337892","https://openalex.org/W1795117215","https://openalex.org/W1809844233","https://openalex.org/W1965970077","https://openalex.org/W1968692060","https://openalex.org/W1970712452","https://openalex.org/W1977708559","https://openalex.org/W1980885047","https://openalex.org/W1984802832","https://openalex.org/W1986964879","https://openalex.org/W1987326860","https://openalex.org/W1995384620","https://openalex.org/W2001683075","https://openalex.org/W2004371846","https://openalex.org/W2005671875","https://openalex.org/W2005973420","https://openalex.org/W2012647312","https://openalex.org/W2026229407","https://openalex.org/W2028957927","https://openalex.org/W2029460931","https://openalex.org/W2036836602","https://openalex.org/W2040073555","https://openalex.org/W2057602126","https://openalex.org/W2058688199","https://openalex.org/W2061040478","https://openalex.org/W2061209360","https://openalex.org/W2062978145","https://openalex.org/W2065312245","https://openalex.org/W2067978534","https://openalex.org/W2068717467","https://openalex.org/W2069300761","https://openalex.org/W2073544767","https://openalex.org/W2075811056","https://openalex.org/W2079473850","https://openalex.org/W2106879254","https://openalex.org/W2108282871","https://openalex.org/W2113757735","https://openalex.org/W2116012084","https://openalex.org/W2134984189","https://openalex.org/W2140458445","https://openalex.org/W2142062816","https://openalex.org/W2149351457","https://openalex.org/W2172307690","https://openalex.org/W2326259096","https://openalex.org/W2986626097","https://openalex.org/W3034566726","https://openalex.org/W4251912342","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300974010","https://openalex.org/W6607797603","https://openalex.org/W6644822432","https://openalex.org/W6649079535","https://openalex.org/W6666078624","https://openalex.org/W6667372075","https://openalex.org/W6667847518","https://openalex.org/W6677242170","https://openalex.org/W6682134338","https://openalex.org/W6758603291","https://openalex.org/W6769489567","https://openalex.org/W6990696687"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}