{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1576868470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(98)00073-9","title":"A knowledge-based segmentation algorithm for enhanced recognition of handwritten courtesy amounts","display_name":"A knowledge-based segmentation algorithm for enhanced recognition of handwritten courtesy amounts","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1576868470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(98)00073-9","mag":"1576868470"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0031-3203(98)00073-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(98)00073-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111438184","display_name":"Karim Hussein","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karim M. Hussein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036019667","display_name":"Arun Agarwal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4191-408X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36893310","display_name":"University of Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/04a7rxb17","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36893310"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arun Agarwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Department of Computer Science, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Science, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36893310"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089511560","display_name":"Amar Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9306-1256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amar Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077075722","display_name":"Patrick S. P. Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9336-3155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick S.P. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Coll. of Comput. Sci. Northeastern Univ., Boston, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Coll. of Comput. Sci. Northeastern Univ., Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111438184"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":{"value":2710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2710},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3992,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88209997,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"2","first_page":"305","last_page":"316"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/courtesy","display_name":"Courtesy","score":0.6695585250854492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.635134220123291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6206691861152649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.604119062423706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5537081956863403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.44607383012771606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.33765554428100586}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781168864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16515017","display_name":"Courtesy","level":2,"score":0.6695585250854492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.635134220123291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6206691861152649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.604119062423706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5537081956863403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.44607383012771606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.33765554428100586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0031-3203(98)00073-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(98)00073-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:mit:sloanp:2552","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/2552","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491178396","https://openalex.org/W1530383550","https://openalex.org/W1608338808","https://openalex.org/W1735900717","https://openalex.org/W1994065256","https://openalex.org/W2039307316","https://openalex.org/W2046485094","https://openalex.org/W2055127543","https://openalex.org/W2061315523","https://openalex.org/W2130822529","https://openalex.org/W2137936150","https://openalex.org/W2158008371","https://openalex.org/W2160797610","https://openalex.org/W2163695291","https://openalex.org/W2170116535","https://openalex.org/W2911709767"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W926634697","https://openalex.org/W2352516024","https://openalex.org/W2356747607","https://openalex.org/W2365528675","https://openalex.org/W2543842894","https://openalex.org/W2347288409","https://openalex.org/W3032711897","https://openalex.org/W2390544960","https://openalex.org/W3021568975","https://openalex.org/W2392159916"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
